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1、2007年第九届全国振动理论及应用学术会议论文集杭州,2007.10.17-19船舶结构耦合动力学问题吴有生,司马灿,刘建湖(中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082)摘要:海洋是当今世界经济、军事竞争的重要领域。海洋的开发利用,必须依靠海洋装备。海洋装备技术的发展有赖于大量力学科学与应用技术的突破。海洋装备所处的复杂流场环境决定了其关键技术中相当部分与流固耦合动力学紧密相关。船舶结构与流体的耦合动力学的第一个主要研究范畴是流场环境因素(波浪、砰击、上浪、水下或空中爆炸等)引起的结构和设备的稳态、瞬态和随机动响应;第二个主要研究范畴是船舶振动与声辐射的预报与控制。在第一个范畴中
2、,有船舶流固耦合水弹性力学的研究,中、高海况条件下船舶的大幅运动、砰击与甲板上浪均会引起船体的非线性载荷与响应,飞机降落引起的航行中船舶的甲板结构动响应,航行中由砰击引起的船舶甲板瞬态动响应与动屈曲,船舶的水下爆炸动响应及其防护技术等问题。属于第二范畴的船舶结构耦合动力学问题,亦即与舰船声隐身技术相关的耦合动力学/声学问题有着极为丰富的内涵。本文主要对第一研究范畴的国内外研究现状和发展趋势进行了回顾和展望。关键词:船舶与海洋结构;流固耦合;船舶水弹性力学;船舶非线性载荷与响应TheCoupledDynamicsofShipStructuresYou-ShengWu,CanSima
3、,Jian-HuLiu(ChinaShipScientificResearchCenter,Jiangsu,Wuxi,214082)Abstract:Oceanistheimportantspaceofthepresentworldforeconomicandmilitarycompetitionsandcombats,aswellthevastresourcestorageforsustainabledevelopmentofmankind.Theoceanexploitationandutilizationhastolargelyrelyonthetechnologyofma
4、rinevehiclesandequipments.Thedevelopmentofmarinetechnologydependsonthebreakthroughofvarietyofsubjectsintheoreticalandappliedmechanics.Theseveresurroundingenvironmentofmarineobjectsdefinitelyindicatesthatmarinetechnologyiscloselyrelatedtothecoupleddynamicsoffluid-structureinteraction.Thefluid-
5、environment(waves,slamming,greenwater,under-waterexplosionetc.)inducedsteadystate,transientstateandrandomfeatureddynamicresponsesofshipstructuresandonboardequipmentsarethefirstkindofproblemsinvestigatedbythecoupledfluid-structuredynamicsofships.Themachineryandpropellerinducedvibrationandnoise
6、radiationofshipsarethesecondkindofproblemsbeingstudiedbythecoupledfluid-structuredynamicsofships.Intheresearchofthefirstkindofcoupledfluid-structuredynamicproblems,therearethehydroelasticitytheories,non-linearloadsandresponsesinducedbythelargemotionsoftheship,slammingandgreenwatereffectsinrou
7、ghseas,dynamicresponseofdeckstructureinducedbyaircraftlanding,transientresponseanddynamicbucklingoftheshipdeckstructureinducedbytheslamming,responsesofashipinducedbytheunderwaterexplosion,etc.Thesecondkindofcoupleddynamicproblemsofships,namel