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1、003PAbrahamson_사2010.6.235:48PM페이지61(주)anyprinting(pmac)DEVELOPMENTANDSOCIETYVolume39
2、Number1
3、June2010,61-95EuropeanWelfareStatesBeyondNeoliberalism:TowardtheSocialInvestmentStatePETERABRAHAMSON
4、SeoulNationalUniversityStudentsofwelfarestatepoliticswouldprobablyagreethat,onbalance,ala
5、rgenumberofvetoplayerstendstoinhibitnotonlytheexpansionofbenefitsbutalsotheirradicalcurtailment.(Starke,2006:115)AfterthegoldenageofwelfarestatedevelopmentinEurope,thegloriousthirtyyearsfrom1945to1974,perceptionschangedandthewelfarestatewasinterpretedtobeincrisis.Onesolutiontothecris
6、iswasaneo-liberalapproachemphasizingprivatizationandretrenchment.Andatleastrhetoricallythisperspectivegainedgroundduringthe1980sinNorthwesternEuropeandduringthe1990sinthenewlyemergingmarketeconomiesofCentralandEasternEurope.However,onthewhole,socialscienceliteraturehasbeenmoreconcern
7、edabouttryingtoexplainwelfarestateresiliencetochangethanidentifyingretrenchmentevenifpartsoftheliteraturedoargueforsuchaperspective.Thisseemingcontradictionwithinthescholarlycom-munitycallsforamoreprecisedefinitionofallthreeimportconcepts:Whatshouldbeunder-stoodbyneo-liberalreformora
8、neo-liberalapproach?Whichwelfarepoliciesareinquestion?AndwhatpartsofEuropearebeinginvestigated?Furthermore,thetimeperspectiveiscrucial.Fromtheperspectiveofthelate2000sthispaperarguesfirstthatneo-liberalismintheformoftheso-calledWashingtonconsensusisnolongerpromotedbyinternationalorga
9、niza-tions.Socialpoliciesarenolongerregardedasaburdenoneconomies,butratherasinvestmentinhumancapital.Hence,wearenowbeyondneo-liberalism.Secondly,thewidespreadwelfarereformsinEuropemustbedistinguishedaccordingtowelfareregime.Thus,thepaperdiscusseswelfarereformwithinfivedifferenttrajec
10、tories:formerstate-socialiststates,ContinentalEurope,AtlanticEurope,SouthernEuropeandScandinavia.Althoughthenumberanddemarcationsofwelfareregimesarecontested(foranexcellentoverviewseePowellandBarrientos,2008)itisawidespreadperspectiveandagoodtooltoorderEuropeanwelfarestates.Hence,Iag
11、reewithFranc
