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1、BeyondBambi:TowardaDangerousEcocriticisminTheatreStudiesTheresaJ.MayCriticsandscholarswhowanttoinvestigatethewayecologies—physical,perceptual,imagined—shapedramaticformsstandattheedgeofavast,openfieldofhistoriestoberewritten,stylestorediscuss,contextstoreperceive.Erik
2、aMunk(5)IntroductionIttookahurricanetodemolishthepopularconceptualbinarythatdistinguishesbetween“nature”and“culture.”Whetherweunderstandnatureasaculturalconstructionorasanauthentic“other”thatis“outthere,”HurricaneKatrinadramatizeditsfierce,inexorableinterconnectivityw
3、ithhumanculture.Thisinterfacebetweennatureandcultureisthesiteofecocriticism:thecriticalap-plicationofanecologicalperspectivetoculturalrepresentation.Anincreasinglylivelyandnuancedecocriticaldiscourseinliterarystudieshasentereditsthirddecade,butacomparablediscourseinth
4、eatrestudieshasbeenslowtotakeroot.Giventhatecologyisthestudyoftheinterrelatednessamonglivingorganismsandtheirenvironment—andtheatreisalwaysanencounterbetweenpeopleandplace—Ifindthisgapsurprising.Certainlyasenseofurgencycouldnotbemoreapparent.Recent(re)confirmationsofg
5、lobalwarmingpredictatwenty-firstcenturyinwhichwehumanswillcometotermswithourrelationshiptothenaturalworld,comehellorhighwater.TwelveyearsagoErikaMunkobservedthat“ourplaywrights’silenceontheenvironmentasapoliticalissueandourcritics’neglectoftheecologicalimplicationsoft
6、heatricalformareratherastonishing”(5),yetarelativefewhavetakenupthegauntlet.1Inthesamelandmark1994issueofTheater,UnaChaudhuriarguedthatthereasonmaylieinEuro/Americantheatre’s“program-maticallyanti-ecological”humanistparadigm(“ThereMustBeaLotofFishinThatLake”23).In“com
7、plicitywithindustrialization’sanimusagainstnature,”moderntheatrehas“proffer[ed]awhollysocialaccountofhumanlife”(24).Unableorunwillingtospeakbeyondthatframe,theatremaybeatbestareflectionofhumanculture’sdisassociationfromtheother-than-humanworld.Andyet,iftheatreistrappe
8、dinahumanistcatch-22,thenimagination,dreams,andmimesishavenocon-nectiontoourecological,ouranimalselves.This,inturn,istosubsc
