原子物理讲义 amo_10new

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1、Contents10Coherence110.1Definitionanddiscussion.............................110.2Coherentspectroscopy..............................210.2.1Quantumbeats..............................210.2.2Quantumbeatswithdelayeddetection.................310.2.3Levelcrossing...............................310.

2、2.4Doubleresonancespectroscopy.....................510.2.5Quantumbeatsagain..........................610.3Coherenceinthree-levelatoms.........................810.3.1Opticalpumpingandcoherentpopulationtrapping..........810.3.2Adiabaticpopulationtransfer......................810.3.3Electroma

3、gneticallyinducedtransparency...............810.3.4Lasingwithoutinversion.........................810.4CoherenceinLocalizedEnsembles.......................810.4.1Superradiance-QualitativeDiscussion.................810.4.2Superradianceoftwotwo-levelsystems.................910.4.3Superfluoure

4、scenceofNtwo-levelsystems...............1010.4.4Spinechoes................................1110.5Coherencebetweenatomsinextendedensembles...............1210.5.1Phase-matching..............................1210.5.2Intensityforfinitemismatch......................1410.5.3Examples................

5、.................1410.5.3.1Degeneratefour-wavemixing.................1410.5.3.2Generationofuvradiation..................1510.5.4Strongsuperradianceinextendedsamples...............15iiiCONTENTSChapter10Coherence10.1DefinitionanddiscussionCoherenceariseswhenamplitudesaddwithadefiniterelativeph

6、aseandoneobservesaphysicalquantityproportionaltothesquareofthetotalamplitude.AfamiliarexampleistheadditionofE-fieldstoproduceaclassicalopticalinterferencepattern.Inquantumopticsacoherent(linear)superpositionofstateswithdefinitenumbersofquantaisrequiredtoproduceaclassicaloscillatingE-fieldinon

7、emodeofthefield(seeLoudonforthisaswellasdefinitionsofhigherordercoherence).Coherenceisalsoresponsibleforanumberofinterestinginterferenceeffectspresentinscatteringofatomsandmolecules.Inthiscaseitisthequantummechanicalamplitudesassociatedwithdifferent“trajectories”t