2001年北京外国语大学英语专业基础英语真题

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1、北京外国语大学2001年研究生入学考试基础英语试卷ⅠAnationdividedWhattodoabouttheeverwideninggulfbetweenrichandpoor?MortimerB.ZuckermanWearebecomingtwonations.Theprosperousarerapidlygettingmoreprosperousandthepoorareslowlygettingpoorer.GeorgeW.BushdidwelltorebukehispartywhenHouseRepublican

2、smaneuveredtobalancethebudgetbyproposingtodelaytheearnedincometaxcreditfortheworkingpoor—payingitinmonthlyinstallmentsratherthananannuallumpsum.“Idon’tthinktheyoughttobalancethebudgetonthebacksofthepoor,”Bushsaid.Instead,itistimeforaspiringleaderstoponderhowthetwon

3、ationsmightmorecloselybecomeone.TheAmericaneconomyisgrowingdramatically.Butthisprosperityisbeingdistributedveryunevenly.TheAmericathatisdoingwellisdoingverywellindeed.Butmostbenefitshavegonetothosewhoworkinindustrieswherethemainproductisinformation.Thelosershavebee

4、ntheproducersoftangiblegoodsandpersonalservices—eventeachersandhealthcareproviders.Thehigh-techinformationeconomyhasbeengrowingatapproximately10timestherateoftheolderindustrialeconomy.Ithasenjoyedsubstantialjobgrowth,thehighestproductivitygains（about30percentayear）

5、,andbiggerprofits.Itcanthereforeaffordbiggerwagegains（aboutfourtimesthatoftheoldereconomy）.Andthiswagegapislikelytowidenforyearstocome.Therichgetricher.Theconcentrationofwealthisevenmoredramatic.NewYorkUniversityeconomistEdwardWolffpointsoutthatthetop20percentofAme

6、ricansaccountformorethan100percentofthetotalgrowthinwealthfrom1983to1997whilethebottom80percentlost7percent.Anotherstudyfoundthatthetop1percentsawtheirafter-taxincomejump115percentinthepast22years.Thetopfifthhaveseenanafter-taxincreaseof43percentduringthesameperiod

7、whilethebottomfifthofallAmericans—includingmanyworkingmothers—haveseentheirafter-taxincomesfall9percent.Theresultisthat4outof5households—some217millionpeople—willtakehomeathinnersliceoftheeconomicpiethantheydid22yearsago.Therearethosewhopointoutthattheseincomefigur

8、esdonotfullyreflecttheimprovementinthestandardoflivingandsaythatattentionshouldbepaidtowhatAmericansown,whattheybuy,andhowtheylive,Afairpoint.Two