辽宁省水稻品种品质性状及亲缘关系变化分析

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1、辽宁省水稻品种品质性状及亲缘关系变化分析赵一洲倪善君张战李鑫毛艇张丽丽刘研刘福辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所摘要：为了解辽宁省水稻品种品质性状及亲缘关系的演变情况，对1991-2015年审定的257份水稻品种进行品质性状分析，并通过亲缘系数、系谱分析了解品种间的亲缘关系和骨干亲本的应用。结果表明，25年来辽宇省水稻品种随着时间的推进表现出子粒变长、变宽，垩白度减少，透明度、直链淀粉含量、胶稠度下降的趋势。总体上随着时间的推进，品种品质性状的相似度和优质率逐步提高。但由于品质性状在不同年份的变界程度有所不同，品质性状的综合表现差界依然较大。随着时间的推进，水稻品种间亲缘系数表

2、现出先下降后上升的特点，每个亲本直接育成品种数呈现出上升趋势。257份水稻品种共形成22个骨干亲本，利用的骨干亲本也越來越集屮，丰锦、辽粳5号、辽粳326、辽粳454、辽粳294、辽星1号是辽宁省水稻育种中重要的优质骨干亲本。今后辽宁省水稻优质品种选育过程中应在利用现有骨干亲本的基础上，拓宽品种遗传基础，将外观品质、加工品质的优化作为品质改良的主要方向。关键词：辽宁省;水稻品种;品质性状;亲缘关系;骨干亲本;作者简介：赵一洲主要从事水稻育种研究，E-mail:13898702911@139.com收稿日期：2017-03-20基金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD0

3、1B02-4)AnalysisofQualityCharacterandRelationshipVariationofRicefromLiaoningProvinceZHAOYi—zhouN[Shan—junZHANGZhanLIXinMAOTingZHANGLi—liLIUYanLIUFu-caiLiaoningProvinceSalineandAlkalineLandUtilizationandResearchInstitute;Abstract：Inordertounderstandthechangeprocessofricequalitycharactera

4、ndlineagerelationshipinLiaoningprovince,weperformedqualitycharacteranalysison257ricevarietiesthatapprovedfrom1991to2015inLiaoningprovincevarietyexamine,andinvestigatedrelationshipandapplicationsituationforthebackboneparentalbasedonmeansofcoefficientofparcntagcandpedigreeamalysis.Theres

5、uItsshowedthatthegrainshapetendtolongerandwider,thechalkinessdegreedecreased,thetransparence,amylasecontentandgelconsistencereducedinLiaoningprovince.Withthetimetransition,thesimilarityandhighqualityrateofqualitycharactertendtoimprovement.Comprehensiveperformanceofqualitystillshoweddif

6、fercnccsincethedifferentofqualitytraitsbetweeninterannualareverycommon.Thecoefficientofparentageshoweddecreasedandthenincreasedandthenumbersofvarietiesdirectlybredfromeachparentpresentedincreasedsituation.The22backboneparentaiareappliedathighfrequencieswhichderived257ricevarieties,such

7、asToyonihiki,Liaojing5,Liaojing326,Liaojing454,Liaojing294andLiaoxinglwereimportantqualitybackboneparentalinLiaoning.WeproposethatthemaindirectionofqualityimprovementinLiaoningistoenrichthegeneticbasisofvarietiesandoptimizetheappearaneeandprocessingqualityonthebasisoftheexistingbackb