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1、SolarEnergyMaterials&SolarCells61(2000)73}85STMinvestigationofthegrowthstructureofCu-phthalocyanine"lmswithsubmolecularresolutionRenateHiesgen!,*,MathiasRaKbisch",HorstBoKttcher#,DieterMeissner$!PhysikdepartmentE19,TechnischeUniversita(tMu(nchen,James-Franck-
2、Str.1,D-85748Garching,Germany"Fraunhofer-InstitutElektronenstrahl-undPlasmatechnik,Winterbergstr.27,D-01277Dresden,Germany#FeinchemieGmbHSebnitz,Ho(henweg9,D-01855Sebnitz,Germany$AQR,Wendelinusstr.85,D-52428Ju(lich,GermanyAccepted10May1999AbstractInthisstudyC
3、u-phthalocyanine(CuPc)"lmshavebeeninvestigatedbyscanningtunnelingmicroscopytogetquantitativeinsightintothemorphologyofthe"lmsfromthemicrometerrangedowntonanometerresolutiontoseethearrangementofthemolecules.Themoleculesonthesurfacehavebeenfoundtobearrangedinas
4、lippedstackingorderratherthanintheexpectedzig-zagorientationnormallyfoundforCuPccrystals.Thecystalstructurecouldbeidenti"edtobeana-polymorph.TheSTMimageoftheindividualmoleculesonthesurfaceisingoodagreementwithcalculationsofthechargedensityoftheLUMOforanisolat
5、edmolecule.Amodelforthegrowthofthecrystalswasderivedfromthisstudy.(2000ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Cu-phthalocyanine;STM;Growthstructure;Molecularorganicsolarcell;Organicsemicon-ductors1.IntroductionOrganicmaterials"ndgrowingapplicationin"el
6、dslikeelectrophotography,LEDs,non-linearoptics,sensortechnologyandelectronicsduetotheirsurprising*Correspondingauthor.E-mailaddress:rhiesgen@ph.tum.de(R.Hiesgen)0927-0248/00/$-seefrontmatter(2000ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.PII:S0927-0248(99)00098-774
7、R.Hiesgenetal./SolarEnergyMaterials&SolarCells61(2000)73}85stability.Especially,phthalocyaninedyesarenotonlyusedforcarenamels.Theyhaveexcellentphotoconductivepropertiesandarecommoninuseasphotoconductivelayersforphotocopyingmachines.Theirsemiconductingproperti
8、esmakethemalsointerestingfortheapplicationinthin"lmsolarcells.Fortheapplicationinsolarcellsthephotoactive"lmsshouldbecontinuous,homogeneousandshouldhaveagoodconductivity.Theactiveorganicl
