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1、IOSRJournalofPharmacyandBiologicalSciences(IOSR-JPBS)e-ISSN:2278-3008,p-ISSN:2319-7676.Volume9,Issue6Ver.III(Nov-Dec.2014),PP16-29www.iosrjournals.orgGeneticallyModifiedBirds123ChidinmaAdannaLevi,DanielDonNwibo,ChristianOnyekaChukwuka,4andChidimmaLindaMbadugha1,3D
2、epartmentofZoologyandEnvironmentalBiology,FacultyofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofNigeria,Nsukka,EnuguState,Nigeria.2LaboratoryofPharmaceuticalMicrobialChemistry,GraduateSchoolofPharmaceuticalSciences,UniversityofTokyo,Japan4PharmaceuticalMicrobiologyUnit,Departme
3、ntofMicrobiology,UniversityofNottingham,UnitedKingdom.Abstract:Geneticengineering,whichissynonymoustogeneticmodification,isthedesignedalterationofthegeneticmake-upofanorganismanditisthebasisformodernbiotechnology.ontheotherhand,biotechnologyistheapplicationofscien
4、ceinproductionofgoodsandservicesusingbiologicalagents.Thecellwhichisthefunctionalunitoflifecontainstwokindsofnucleicacids:Deoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)andtheRibonucleicacid(RNA).WhiletheDNAisthegeneticmaterial,theRNAfunctionsinproteinsynthesis.Thetoolsandmethodforgene
5、ticmodificationinclude;geneinsertion,genedeletionandgeneregulation.VectorsarethebiologicalvehiclesusedtotransportDNAintohostcellsandwithoutthem,thewholeprocesswillbealmostimpossible.Birdsbelongtotheclassofavesandarecharacterisedbypresenceoffeathers.Theyareclassifi
6、edintoprecocious,semiprecociousaltricialandsemialtricialbasedondevelopment.However,birdscanbemodifiedforimprovedeggproduction,meatproduction,erythropeitinproductionandbirdfluresistance.Thatnotwithstanding,concernshavebeenraisedonitseffectontheenvironmentandhumanhe
7、althrisksincludingconcernsformodernbirdsandtheirownhealth.Whateverthecasemaybe,thechoicetoconsumetransgenicbirdsshouldbelefttotheconsumers,therefore,cleardistinctionsshouldbemadebetweentransgenicandnon-transgenicbirdforconsumerstochoose.Keywords:Genetics,modifiedb
8、irdsI.GeneticEngineering1.1DefinitionOfTermsGeneticmodification,geneticengineering,geneticmanipulationandrecombinantDNAtechniquesareallessentiallysynony
