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1、张竹坡小说批评范畴研究世情叙事的穿插密缝法范畴。张竹坡进一步探讨了《金瓶梅》“千百人合一传”的圆形结构特点和生活化、琐碎化、日常化的叙事特点,他提出了以园林架构为小说叙事结构的“间架”范畴,即房屋花园是故事情节发生的地点和环境,花园房屋结构组成小说叙事的空间,由居住在房屋花园的人物推进了情节线索的发展。他还发掘了在显性的结构之下,隐含着“玉皇庙起”、“永福寺结”、“热”起“冷”结、“悌字起孝字结”的隐层叙事结构。“玉皇庙起”,“永福寺结”与“热”起“冷”结又暗含人生的虚无、世态的冷暖等宗教性的“空”的主题。这些,形成了张竹坡结构之道与结构之技相结合
2、的架构范畴。世情小说叙述的是各种事件交叉混合、千头万绪的复杂生活,为此张竹坡进一步探讨了《金瓶梅》日常生活化的笔法范畴,用“笔不到而意到”、“隐笔”、“阳秋之笔”和“闲笔”揭示了作品含蓄化、生活化的叙事笔法。而“闲笔”的运用,不仅增加了情节的趣味性,又使得生活场面更加真实立体。针对《金瓶梅》描摹世态人情、反映世情生活的特点,张竹坡总结出了“白描”、“如画”、“入化”、“逼真”、“摹神肖影,追魂取魄”等范畴表示小说描摹世情,反映社会万象及人生百态的出神入化的艺境。总之,张竹坡围绕《金瓶梅》的世情叙事特点,从内容意蕴、叙事文法、叙事结构、笔法范畴以及塑
3、造人物等方面提炼出的世情小说评点范畴,极大丰富和发展了古代小说的批评范畴。关键词:张竹坡;金瓶梅;小说批评;范畴II中南民族大学硕士学位论文AbstractDuringtheMingandQingDynastiesisanimportantperiodofnovelcriticismdevelopmentandprosperityofthenovelsoftheMingandQingDynasties,criticsfrompoetry,literature,calligraphyandpaintingtheoryderivesthenutriti
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