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1、RTP:ATransportProtocolforReal-TimeApplications1IntroductionThismemorandumspecifiesthereal-timetransportprotocol(RTP),whichprovidesend-to-enddeliveryservicesfordatawithreal-timecharacteristics,suchasinteractiveaudioandvideo.Thoseservicesincludepayloadtypeidentification,sequence
2、numbering,timestampinganddeliverymonitoring.ApplicationstypicallyrunRTPontopofUDPtomakeuseofitsmultiplexingandchecksumservices;bothprotocolscontributepartsofthetransportprotocolfunctionality.However,RTPmaybeusedwithothersuitableunderlyingnetworkortransportprotocols(seeSection1
3、0)^RTPsupportsdatatransfertomultipledestinationsusingmulticastdistributionifprovidedbytheunderlyingnetwork.NotethatRTPitselfdoesnotprovideanymechanismtoensuretimelydeliveryorprovideotherquality-of-serviceguarantees,butreliesonlower-layerservicestodoso.Itdoesnotguaranteedeliver
4、yorpreventout-of-orderdelivery,nordoesitassumethattheunderlyingnetworkisreliableanddeliverspacketsinsequence.ThesequencenumbersincludedinRTPallowthereceivertoreconstructthesender'spacketsequence,butsequencenumbersmightalsobeusedtodeterminetheproperlocationofapacket,forexamplei
5、nvideodecoding,withoutnecessarilydecodingpacketsinsequence.WhileRTPisprimarilydesignedtosatisfytheneedsofmulti participantmultimediaconferences,itisnotlimitedtothatparticularapplication.Storageofcontinuousdata,interactivedistributedsimulation,activebadge,andcontrolandmeasureme
6、ntapplicationsmayalsofindRTPapplicable.ThisdocumentdefinesRTP,consistingoftwoclosely-linkedparts:[1].Thereal-timetransportprotocol(RTP),tocarrydatathathasreal-timeproperties-[2].TheRTPcontrolprotocol(RTCP),tomonitorthequalityofserviceandtoconveyinformationabouttheparticipantsi
7、nanon-goingsession.ThelatteraspectofRTCPmaybesufficientfor"looselycontrolled"sessions,i.e.,wherethereisnoexplicitmembershipcontrolandset-up,butitisnotnecessarilyintendedtosupportallofanapplication'scontrolcommunicationrequirements.Thisfunctionalitymaybefullyorpartiallysubsumed
8、byaseparatesessioncontrolprotocol,whichisbeyondthescopeofthis
