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1、CHAPTERONEINTRODUTION1.1BackgroundIn1976,M.A.K.HallidayandRuqaiyaHasanpublishedtheirpioneeringworkCohesioninEnglish,whichhaslaidthefoundationforcohesiontheory.AfterthepublicationofCohesioninEnglish,linguistsandscholarsinotherfieldshavegiventheirfocusonthestudyofcohes
2、ionfromdifferentangles.Somedomesticlinguistsfocusedtheirattentiononittoo.Duetothegreateffortsbylinguistsathomeandabroad,cohesiontheoryhasachievedaquickdevelopmentinthelastthreedecades.Thisbookisconcernedmainlywiththestudyofcohesion,whichpreviouslyhasfallenintoneglect
3、.HallidayandHasanstudycohesionthatarisesfromsemanticrelationsbetweensentences.Fivetypesofcohesivedevicesareintroduced:reference,substitution,ellipsis,conjunctionandlexicalcohesion.TheyfurtherconcludetwomaincategoriesofcohesivedevicesinEnglishtexts——grammaticalcohesio
4、nandlexicalcohesion.Grammaticalcohesionconsistsofreference,substitution,ellipsisandconjunction.Whilelexicalcoherenceiscomprisedofreiteration,synonymyandcollocation.HallidayandHasanhavenotillustrated“coherence”inthewell-knownbookCohesioninEnglish;however,theyputforwar
5、dinthebook“texture”,whichisofthesimilarconcept.Theybothclaimthattextreferstoanypassage,spokenorwritten,ofwhateverlength,thatdoesformaunifiedwhole.Theysuggestedthatatextshouldnotberegardedasagrammaticalunit,butasemanticunit;notaunitofformbutaunitofmeaning.Theytogether
6、havepromotedtheresearchofcohesionandcoherence.Buttheirinterestinthisresearchneverstopped.In1985,theyfurtheredtheirstudybypublishingLanguage,ContextandText,whichexpandedthecohesiontheorybyclassifyingitintostructuralcohesionandnon-structuralcohesion.Withthedevelopmento
7、fresearch,cohesiontheoryhasbeenappliedtovariousfieldsand1disciplines,forexample,translation,languageteachinganddiscourseanalysis.ItisworthnotingthatthistheoryhasgainedgreatpopularityinChina.HuZhuanglin,ZhuYongshen,ZhangDelu,etc.thesedomesticscholarshavegiventheireffo
8、rtsintheresearchofcohesiontheoryandtheapplicationofcohesioninotherfields.HuZhuanglinpublishedhiswordDiscourseCohesionandCoherencein
