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1、GRE®RESEARCHCognitivePatternsofGenderDifferencesonMathematicsAdmissionsTestsAnnGallagherJuttaLevinCaraCahalanSeptember2002GREBoardProfessionalReportNo.96-17PETSResearchReport02-19Princeton,NJ08541CognitivePatternsofGenderDifferencesonMathematicsAdmissionsTestsAnnGallagher,JuttaLevin,andCaraCahalanGR
2、EBoardReportNo.96-17PSeptember2002ThisreportpresentsthefindingsofaresearchprojectfundedbyandcarriedoutundertheauspicesoftheGraduateRecordExaminationsBoard.EducationalTestingService,Princeton,NJ08541********************Researchersareencouragedtoexpressfreelytheirprofessionaljudgment.Therefore,pointso
3、fvieworopinionsstatedinGraduateRecordExaminationsBoardreportsdonotnecessarilyrepresentofficialGraduateRecordExaminationsBoardpositionorpolicy.********************TheGraduateRecordExaminationsBoardandEducationalTestingServicearededicatedtotheprincipleofequalopportunity,andtheirprograms,services,andem
4、ploymentpoliciesareguidedbythatprinciple.EDUCATIONALTESTINGSERVICE,ETS,theETSlogos,GRADUATERECORDEXAMINATIONS,andGREareregisteredtrademarksofEducationalTestingService.SATisaregisteredtrademarkoftheCollegeEntranceExaminationBoard.EducationalTestingServicePrinceton,NJ08541CopyrightÓ2002byEducationalTe
5、stingService.Allrightsreserved.AbstractAtwo-partstudywasconductedtodeterminewhethertheoreticalworkexamininggenderdifferencesincognitiveprocessingcanbeappliedtoquantitativeitemsontheGraduateRecord®Examination(GRE)tominimizegenderdifferencesinperformance.InPartI,themagnitudeofgenderdifferencesinperfor
6、manceonspecifictestitemswaspredictedusingacodingscheme.InPartII,anewtestwascreatedbyusingthecodingschemedevelopedinPartItocloneitemsthatelicitedfewgender-basedperformancedifferences.ResultsindicatethatgenderdifferencesinperformanceonsomeGREquantitativeitemsmaybeinfluencedbycognitivefactorssuchasitem
7、context,whethermultiplesolutionpathsleadtoacorrectanswer,andwhetherspatially-basedshortcutscanbeused.Keywords:Gender,assessment,problemsolving,mathematics,graduateadmissionsiTableofContentsPageIntrodu
