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1、The“NewPerspective”onPaul(THEO6200)Whoproposedthis“newperspective”?E.P.Sanders,PaulandPalestinianJudaism.AComparisonofPatternsofReligion(Philadelphia:Fortress,1977).WherecanIfindsomebriefoverviewsofthisnewperspective?(a)JouetteBassler,NavigatingPaul.AnIn
2、troductiontoKeyTheologicalConcepts(Louisville,KY:WestminsterJohnKnox,2007)esp.1-2,14-17,20-21.(b)Online:“ThePaulPage.DedicatedtotheNewPerspectiveonPaul”athttp://www.thepaulpage.com/(c)JamesD.G.Dunn,TheTheologyofPaultheApostle(GrandRapids,MI:Baker,2001)33
3、8-39.(d)MarkAllenPowell,JesusasaFigureinHistory.HowModernHistoriansViewtheManfromGalilee(Louisville,KY:WestminsterJohnKnox,1998)115,122-23.(e)D.A.Carson,“Introduction”inJustificationandVariegatedNomism.Volume1—TheComplexitiesofSecondTempleJudaism(eds.D.A
4、.Carson,P.T.O’Brien,M.A.Seifrid;GrandRapids,MI:Baker,2001)1-5.Whataresomebasicpointsaboutthisnewperspective?·First-centuryJudaismwasfirstandforemostareligionofgrace;doingone’sbesttokeeptheTorahinstructionswassimplytheresponsetoGod’sgrace.God’sgrace(favor
5、andinitiative)intheelectionofIsraelandintheSinaicovenantprecededtherequirementofobediencetoGod’sTorahteachings.·Putanotherway,GodhadgraciouslyinitiatedthecovenantwiththepeopleofIsrael,andTorahinstructionsweretheframeworkforlifewithinthecovenant.Torahobed
6、iencemaintainedone’spositioninthecovenantbutdidnotearnGod’sgrace.Bassler(14)writes:“Workswerenotregardedorperformedasawayofachievingmeritorsalvation.Moreover,obedience[tothelaw]itselfwassustainedbygrace:thegraceofaforgivingGodandadivinelyinstitutedmeanso
7、fatonement.”·SandersreferredtohisdescriptionofSecondTempleJudaismas“covenantalnomism.”CovenantalnomismreferstothenotionthatGodwillalwaysbefaithfultothecovenant;GodexpectsthepeopleofIsraeltorespondwithobediencetoTorahinstructionsasitsendofthecovenantbarga
8、in.·TheelectionofIsraelandsalvationarebyGod’smercy,nothumanachievement.Whywasthis“newperspective”soimportant?·SanderssuccessfullychallengedthecaricatureofJudaismfoundamongChristians(includingscholars)thatJewswereanxiouslys