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1、Appreciationof20thCenturyBritishandAmericanLiteratureJeanetteZhaoOutlineoftheCoursePartOneAppreciationof20thCenturyBritishLiteraturePartTwoAppreciationof20thCenturyAmericanLiteraturePartOneChapterOneIntroductionto20thCenturyEnglishLiteratureI.FromtheEndof19thCenturyto19141.HistoricalBackgroundTh
2、eperiodfromtheendof19thcenturytothatbeforeWorldWarIcanbesaidtobeatransitionalperiodinmanyfields.TheendoftheVictorianAge,beginninginthe1890’s,wasmarkedbyradicalchangesinoldtraditions,insocialstandardsandinmen’sthoughts.WiththedeathofQueenVictoriacamenotonlytheweakeningoftheVictorianvalues,butalso
3、theeconomicandpoliticaldeclineofthewholestate.TheaccompanimentoftheendoftheVictorianAgewasthelossoffaithandtheriseofpessimism,whichisreflectedinalmostalltheliteratureofthetime.2.LiteratureMovementIntheliteratureofthisperiod,realismstilloccupiedadominantpositioninliterarytechniques,yettheco-exist
4、enceinEuropeofmanyotherliterarytendenciesandschoolssuchasnaturalism,aestheticismandsymbolism,andtherisingofsomenewexperimentingartsuchasimpressionismandexpressionismshowninpaintingshadagreatinfluenceontheBritishwritersInpoetry,somepoetswereagainstVictoriantraditionandfollowedtheRomanticconventio
5、nscombinedwithnewtendenciessuchasaestheticism,symbolismandimpressionismintheirpoetry-writing,suchasW.B.Yeats.Innovels,therewasanewconcernwiththeinternalfeelingsorsubjectivesensibilities.D.H.Lawrencecreatedhis‘psychologicalrealistic’novelsundertheinfluenceofthetheoriesofSigmundFreud.Indrama,thefi
6、rstimportantplaywrightinamodernsensewasOscarWilde,whointroducedartforart’ssake.AndthefirstseriousandthemostinfluentialplaywrightwasBernardShaw,whoserealisticplaysdealingwithsocialproblems.3.MajorWritersPoets:W.B.Yeats,A.E.Houseman,RudyardKipling,JohnMasefield,andThomsHardyNovelists:D.H.Lawrence,
7、JosephConrad,JohnGalsworthy,HenryJamesPlaywrights:OscarWilde,BernardShaw4.LiteratureTendenciesandTerms1)Aestheticism:anartmovementthatfocusedonthatartexistsforthesakeofitsbeautyalone.Itstudiesbeautyinnature,artandliterature.
