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1、论中西方文化中动物象征意义差异摘要：在人类历史发展的漫长进程中，动物一直与人类保持着密切联系并对人类的生存、发展有着深刻的影响。这种亲密无间的关系使得人类对动物产生喜爱、同情、厌恶、恐惧等错综复杂的情感，人们也常常借动物来寄托和表达人的感情，所以在中西两种文化中都有许许多多与动物相关的表达方式。本文主要阐述的是语言中的词汇表达方式反映了文化发展的差异，研究了导致文化差异的原因是由于受历史、习俗、价值观念、宗教信仰等诸方面文化因素的影响，希望可以帮助语言学习者在翻译、研读中外著作、写作等方面能更好的了解并掌握中英两种语言赋予动物词汇以各自特定的文化内涵。关键词：中国
2、文化；西方文化；动物象征意义；文化差异；因素1IntroductionuLanguageandculture,intrinsicallydependentoneachother,haveevolvedtogetherthroughthehistory.”(ClaireKramsch,1998)“Ononehand,languageasanintegralpartofhumanbeing,permeateshisthinkingandwayofviewingtheworld,languagebothexpressesandembodiesculturalrealit
3、y.Ontheother,language,asaproductofculture,helpspermeatetheculture,andthechangesinlanguageusesreflecttheculturalchangesinreturnv.(ClaireKramsch,1998)Languageisthebaseofentireculture,anditisonlyinlanguagethatculturecanbewellpresentedandhandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Ontheotherhand
4、,languageisinfluencedandshapedbyculture；itreflectslanguage・Languagereflectscharacteristicsofcultureandpredictsthedevelopingorientationofculture・1ComparisonoftheSymbolicMeaningsofAnimalsinChineseandWesternCultures2.1SimilarSymbolicMeaningsofAnimalsAstheecologicalenvironmentsofhumanlife
5、areroughlysimilar,peopleinChinaandtheWestwillnaturallyproducethesameorsimilarassociation,givingthesamesignificanceoftheanimalwordswhentheyunderstandanimalsfromthebasicattributesoftheanimals.Forexample,inChinese,foxisthesynonymforcunninganderaftiness・Whenpeopleusesuchphraseslikeascunni
6、ngas"afox”,“oldfox”todescribeaperson,theyoftenconsiderhimorherslyandtactful.InEnglishspeakingcountries,foxisalsoassociatedwiththiskindofmeaning.2.2DifferentSymbolicMeaningsofAnimalsAfewofanimalshavethesameorsimilarsymbolicmeaningsbothinChinaandtheWest,butitiswellknownthatthemajorityof
7、animalsaredifferentinthesymbolicmeaningsbecauseofthedifferentculturalbackgrounds・Now,I’11giveseveralpeculiaranimalstotestifymyview・2.2.1DragonandPhoenixDragonhascometoberegardedasthesymbolofChinaandtheChinese,andChinaiscalledhugedragonofEast・InChina,thetraditionalsymbolsofroyaltyareth
8、edrag
