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1、LifeintheUK:AJourneytoCitizenshipChapter3.UKToday:aprofilePopulationIn2005thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasunderunder60millionpeople.UKPopulation2005England84%ofthepopulation50.1millionScotland8%ofthepopulation5.1millionWales5%ofthepopulation2.9millionN
2、orthernIreland3%ofthepopulation1.7millionTotalUK59.8millionThepopulationhasgrownby7.7%since1971,andgrowthhasbeenfasterinmorerecentyears.AlthoughthegeneralpopulationintheUKhasincreasedinthelast20years,insomeareassuchastheNorth-EastandNorth-WestofEnglandth
3、erehasbeenadecline.BoththebirthrateandthedeathratearefallingandasaresulttheUKnowhasanageingpopulation.Forinstance,therearemorepeopleover60thanchildrenunder16.Thereisalsoarecordnumberofpeopleaged85andover.ThecensusAcensusisacountofthewholepopulation.Itals
4、ocollectsstatisticsontopicssuchasage,placeofbirth,occupation,ethnicity,housing,health,andmaritalstatus.Acensushasbeentakeneverytenyearssince1801,exceptduringthesecondWorldWar.Thenextcensuswilltakeplacein2011.Duringacensus,aformisdeliveredtoeveryhousehold
5、inthecountry.Thisformasksfordetailedinformationabouteachmemberofthehouseholdandmustbecompletedbylaw.Theinformationremainsconfidentialandanonymous;itcanonlybereleasedtothepublicafter100years,whenmanypeopleresearchingtheirfamilyhistoryfinditveryuseful.Gene
6、ralcensusinformationisusedtoidentifypopulationtrendsandtohelpplanning.EthnicdiversityTheUKpopulationisethnicallydiverseandischangingrapidly,especiallyinlargecitiessuchasLondon,soitisnotalwayseasytogetanexactpictureoftheethnicoriginofallthepopulationfromc
7、ensusstatistics.EachofthefourcountriesoftheUK(England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland)hasdifferentcustoms,attitudesandhistories.PeopleofIndian,Pakistani,Chinese,BlackCaribbean,BlackAfrican,Bangladeshiandmixedethnicdescentmakeup8.3%oftheUKpopulation.Toda
8、yabouthalfofthemembersofthesecommunitieswerebornintheUnitedKingdom.TherearealsoconsiderablenumbersofpeopleresidentintheUKwhoareofIrish,Italian,GreekandTurkishCypriot,Polish,Australian,Canadian,NewZealandandAmericandescent.
