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1、LifeintheUK:AJourneytoCitizenshipChapter3.UKToday:aprofilePopulationIn2005thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasunderunder60millionpeople.UKPopulation2005England84%ofthepopulation50.1millionScotland8%ofthepopulation5.1millionWales5%ofthepopulation2.9millionNorthernIreland3%ofthepopulation1.7mi
2、llionTotalUK59.8millionThepopulationhasgrownby7.7%since1971,andgrowthhasbeenfasterinmorerecentyears.AlthoughthegeneralpopulationintheUKhasincreasedinthelast20years,insomeareassuchastheNorth-EastandNorth-WestofEnglandtherehasbeenadecline.Boththebirthrateandthedeathratearefallingandasaresult
3、theUKnowhasanageingpopulation.Forinstance,therearemorepeopleover60thanchildrenunder16.Thereisalsoarecordnumberofpeopleaged85andover.ThecensusAcensusisacountofthewholepopulation.Italsocollectsstatisticsontopicssuchasage,placeofbirth,occupation,ethnicity,housing,health,andmaritalstatus.Acens
4、ushasbeentakeneverytenyearssince1801,exceptduringthesecondWorldWar.Thenextcensuswilltakeplacein2011.Duringacensus,aformisdeliveredtoeveryhouseholdinthecountry.Thisformasksfordetailedinformationabouteachmemberofthehouseholdandmustbecompletedbylaw.Theinformationremainsconfidentialandanonymou
5、s;itcanonlybereleasedtothepublicafter100years,whenmanypeopleresearchingtheirfamilyhistoryfinditveryuseful.Generalcensusinformationisusedtoidentifypopulationtrendsandtohelpplanning.EthnicdiversityTheUKpopulationisethnicallydiverseandischangingrapidly,especiallyinlargecitiessuchasLondon,soit
6、isnotalwayseasytogetanexactpictureoftheethnicoriginofallthepopulationfromcensusstatistics.EachofthefourcountriesoftheUK(England,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland)hasdifferentcustoms,attitudesandhistories.PeopleofIndian,Pakistani,Chinese,BlackCaribbean,BlackAfrican,Bangladeshiandmixedethnicd
7、escentmakeup8.3%oftheUKpopulation.TodayabouthalfofthemembersofthesecommunitieswerebornintheUnitedKingdom.TherearealsoconsiderablenumbersofpeopleresidentintheUKwhoareofIrish,Italian,GreekandTurkishCypriot,Polish,Australian,Canadian,NewZealandandAmericandescent.
