固態物理課程 Solid State Physics Course

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1、Chapter1:ChemicalBondingLinusPauling(1901{1994)December28,2001Contents1ThedevelopmentofBandsandtheir¯lling42Di®erentTypesofBonds92.1CovalentBonding......................102.2IonicBonding........................152.2.1MadelungSums...................172.3Met

2、allicBonding......................182.4VanderWaalsBonds....................202.4.1VanderWaals-LondonInteraction........211PeriodicTable118H1He21Hydrogen21314151617Helium1.0084.003Li3Be4B5C6N7O8F9Ne102LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon6.9

3、419.01210.81112.01114.00715.99918.99820.180Na11Mg12Al13Si14P15S16Cl17Ar183SodiumMagnesium3456789101112AluminumSiliconPhosphorousSulfurChlorineArgon22.99024.30526.98228.08630.97432.06635.45339.948K19Ca20Sc21Ti22V23Cr24Mn25Fe26Co27Ni28Cu29Zn30Ga31Ge32As33Se3

4、4Br35Kr364PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton239.09840.07844.95647.8850.94251.99654.93855.84758.93358.6963.54665.3969.72372.6174.92278.9679.90483.80Rb37Sr38Y39Zr40

5、Nb41Mo42Tc43Ru44Rh45Pd46Ag47Cd48In49Sn50Sb51Te52I53Xe545RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon85.46887.6288.90691.22492.90695.94(98)101.07102.906106.42107.8681

6、12.411114.82118.71121.75127.60126.905131.29Cs55Ba56Lu71Hf72Ta73W74Re75Os76Ir77Pt78Au79Hg80Tl81Pb82Bi83Po84At85Rn866CaesiumBariumLutetiumHalfniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercuryThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon132.905137.327174

7、.967178.49180.948183.85186.207190.2192.22195.08196.967200.59204.383207.2208.980(209)(210)(222)Fr87Ra88Lr1037FranciumRadiumLawrencium(223)226.025(260)La57Ce58Pr59Nd60Pm61Sm62Eu63Gd64Tb65Dy66Ho67Er68Tm69Yb70LanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamar

8、iumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbium138.906140.115140.908144.24(145)150.36151.965157.25158.925162.50164.93167.26168.934173.04Ac89Th90Pa91U92Np93Pu94Am95Cm96Bk97Cf98Es99Fm100Md10