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1、LWBK823-C08_p183-292_LWBK823-C08_p183-292.qxd3/14/115:46PMPage183SynopsisofFunctionalComponents,Tracts,Pathways,andSystems:ExamplesinAnatomicalandClinicalOrientation18388SynopsisofFunctionalComponents,Tracts,Pathways,andSystems:ExamplesinAnatomicalandClinicalOrientationhestudyofregionalne
2、urobiology(brainstructuresinCNSlevelsthatinvolvethepathway(rightpage).Thenewillustra-Tgrossspecimens,brainslices,stainedsections,andMRItionsshow:1)thepositionofthetract/fibersinMRIatrepresentativeandCT)isthebasisforthestudyofsystemsneurobiol-levels;2)thesomatotopy(ifapplicable)ofthetracta
3、sitappearsinogy(tracts,pathways,andcranialnervesandtheirfunctions),MRI/clinicalorientation;3)thetrajectoryofthetract/fibersthroughwhichinturnisthebasisforunderstandinganddiagnosingtheneu-theCNS;4)deficitscorrelatedwiththelocationoflesionsatvariousrologicallyimpairedpatient.Buildingontheco
4、nceptslearnedinear-locationsandlevels;and5)thelaterality(R/L)ofthedeficitasdictatedlierchapters,thischapterexploressystemsneurobiology,withabythepositionofthelesionintheMRI.particularemphasisonclinicalcorrelations.Intra-axialbrainstemlesionsfrequentlyresultinbothsensoryandThemodifications
5、madeinthischapterrecognizeanessentialrealitymotordeficits.Recognizingthisfact,bothtypesofdeficitsarelistedforusersofthisbookwhoarepreparingforacareerinmedicine,asforthoselesionsillustratedontheMRIpathways.However,forsen-broadlydefined.Althoughitiscommontoteachtheanatomyofthesorypathways,s
6、ensorydeficitsarelistedfirstandmotordeficitsarebraininanAnatomicalOrientation(e.g.,inthemedulla,thepyramidlistedlast.Formotorpathways,thereverseisused:motordeficitsis“down”intheimageandthefourthventricleis“up”),thisinforma-arelistedfirst,andsensorydeficitslistedlast.Thisapproachempha-tion
7、shouldbeviewedandused,intheclinicalyearsandbeyond,inasizestheparticularpathwaybeingdescribedbut,atthesametime,ClinicalOrientation(pyramid“up”intheimage,fourthventricleacknowledgesthemultiplicityofdeficitsresultingfromCNSlesions.“down”).Therefore,itisessentialtoprese
