隧道洞口段落石灾害.研究与防治

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1、西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文第V页cut—and-covertunnelandshed—tunnel．Thecalculationofimpactimpactingforceanditscomparativeanalysisshowedthatthesmallertheimpactanglethecorrespondingimpactforceisalsosmaller，andthethickerthebufferlayer，theimpactforceissmaller．andafterthedistributionofbufferlayer，theimpactingforceon

2、structureismuchmoresmaller．Butwiththeincreasingofthethicknessofbufferlayer，theweightonthestuctureisalsoincreaed．Andtoenhancetheanti-impactcapacityonlybyincreasingthethicknessofbufferlayerisusuallyexpensive．Intheactualengineering，thebufferlayerdesignneedconsideredrockfallsize，impactforceandstruct

3、ureoptimization．Theadverselocationbyimpactingforceforcut-and—covertunnelisarchcrownorarchback．Butforshedtunneltheadverselocationisusuallyatmidspan．(6)Thecut—and—covertunnelandshedtunnelnotonlycanserveastunnelentranceorexit，butalsoonetypeofrockfallmitigationtechniquesforlinearengineeringsuchasroa

4、ds．Totunnelentranceandexitwhichthreatenedbyrockfallhazards，wecandesignthetunnelbasedonforecastsofrockfallthreatenarea，rockfalltrajectoryandimpactingforcecalculation．Andalsocanbedesignedlikeatunnelingeneralareainthepremiseofensuringsafetybymittigationtherockfallhazardsusingsystemticactiveandpassi

5、vemitigationtechniques．Theactivecontroltechniquesareapplicabletothelargescaleandwellinvestigatedrockfalls．Andthepassiveprotectionsystemcanbeusedassupplementarytotheactivecontroltechniques，orcanalsobeusedtopreventandtreatmentofsmall，badinvestigated，lineardistributedrockfalls．Thesaltynetandsemi-ri

6、gidrockfallbarrierwallaretwokindsofgoodpassivemitigationsystem．Andthedesignofpassivemitigationtechniquesortunnelentrancemustbebasedontheresultsofrockfallthreatenforecasting，trajectories，bouncinghight，velocity，kineticenergy，andimpactforcecalculation．Keywords：Tunnelentranceandexit；Rockfallhazards；

7、Rockfallfieldexperiments；Trajectoriy；Threatenarea；Impactingforce；Rockfallmitigation西南交通大学学位论文创新性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是在导师指导下独立进行研究工作所得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体己经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由