教育心理学双语

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1、U1AnIntroductiontoEducationalPsychologyKEYWORDSTreatment治疗Negativecorrelation负相关Variables变量Uncorrelated不相关Laboratory实验室DescriptiveResearches描述研究Internalvalidity内部效度Actionresearch行为研究Externalvalidity外部效度Correlationalstudy相关性研究Controlgroup对照组Qualitativeresearches定性研究Quantitativeresearches定量研究Pos

2、itivecorrelation正相关Questions1.Whyiseducationalpsychologyvaluableforteachers?为什么教育心理学对教师来说有价值？Becauseaccordingtheeducationalpsychology,teachercanmakedecisionsbetter.Itprovidedteachersalanguagetodiscussourexperiencesandthinking.2.Generallyspeaking,whatiseducationalpsychologyconcernedabout?一般来说,教

3、育心理学关注的是什么?Thestudyof1.Learners——thenatureofstudents2.Learning——principlesoflearning3.Teaching——methodsofteachingU2HowPiagetViewDevelopmentschemes格式conservation守恒adaptation适应centration自我中心化assimilation同化reversibility可逆性accommodation顺应reflexes反射Cognitivestructure认知结构论Equilibration平衡1.ToPiaget,h

4、owdidonedevelopcognitively?1.Knowledgecomesfromaction.知识来自行动。2.Developmentdependsonchild’smanipulationandactiveinteractionwiththeenvironment.发展取决于孩子的行为以及环境的相互作用。3.Achild’scognitiveabilitiesprogressthroughfourdistinctstages.Eachstageischaracterizedbytheemergenceofnewabilitiesandwaysofprocessing

5、information.孩子的认知能力经过四个阶段的发展，每一个阶段的特点是新的能力和方法的出现。2.AccordingtoPiaget’stheory,whatisthebestwaytotreatachild?1.Toknowtheprocesschildrenusetogettotheanswerisasimportantastheresult.知道孩子学习的过程和结果一样重要。2.Children’sself-initiated,activeinvolvementinlearningactivitiesiscrucialtotheirrecognition.孩子自己发现，积

6、极参与学习活动对他们的认知发展极为重要。3.Prematureeducationisnotnecessaryforchildren.过早的学习对孩子来说是没有必要的4.Childrendevelopatthesamesequencebutdifferentrates,soindividualsandsmallgroupactivitiesshouldbeproperlyarrangedinclass.孩子成长按照相同的程序但是不同的速度，所以课堂活动安排要合理。3.HowcanlearninghappenaccordingtoPiaget?Accordingtopiaget,lea

7、rningdependsonthisprocessofassimilationandaccommodation.Assimilation——understandingnewexperiencesintermsofexistingschemes.Accommodation——modifyingexistingschemestofitnewsituations.U3HowVygotskyViewCognitiveDevelopmentsignsystem符号系统ZPD最近