现代母语习得理论

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1、.ModernFirstLanguageAcquisitionTheory现代母语习得理论Languageiscloselyrelatedtothehumanmind.Thehumanmind,however,isverydifficulttostudy,asitcannotbeobserveddirectly.Butitleavesitstraceseverywhere,particularlyinlanguage.Languagehasbeenawindowofthemind.Manypeoplehavetriedtodis

2、cerntheworkingsofthemindfromthegrowthofchildren.Psycholinguistsareconcernedwiththementalprocessesthatareinvolvedinlearningtospeak,andarealsointerestedintheunderlyingknowledgeandabilitieswhichchildrenmusthaveinordertouselanguageandtolearntouselanguageinchildhood.Islan

3、guageinnateorisitlearnedafterbirth?Isthereanybiologicalfoundationforlanguage?Howdochildrenacquiretheirfirstlanguage?Theseandotherissueshavethefocusofinterestsandresearchtoappliedlinguists,psycholinguistsandlanguageteachers.L1acquisitiontheoriesaretheattemptedexplanat

4、ionsfortheseunansweredquestions.1.MajorModernFirstLanguageAcquisitionTheories现代主要母语习得理论Howdochildrenacquirelanguageisatthecenterofthedebate.LearningtheoristssuchasSkinnermaintained（1957）thatlanguageisacquiredthroughreinforcement.Chomsky（1959）arguedthatlanguagewasfart

5、oocomplextobelearnedsocompletelyinsuchashortspaceoftime,bycognitivelyimmaturetoddlers（baby,child）,merelybyreinforcement.Hearguedthattheneonate婴儿arrivesequippedwithaLAD.Thiscontainsasetofrulescommontoalllanguagesandallowschildrentolearnanylanguagewhichtheyareexposedto

6、.Slobin(1985)suggestedasimilarinnatedevice---theLMC(languagemakingcapacity).Theinteractionistsperspectivesuggeststhatacombinationofbiologicalandcognitivefactorspluslinguisticenvironmentareallnecessaryfortheacquisitionoflanguage.Basicallyweshalldiscusstwoschoolsofthou

7、ghtsontheissueoflanguageacquisitionhere.Thequestionofhowchildrenacquiretheirfirstlanguageisansweredquitedifferentlybythetwoschoolsoftheories.Theschoolofbehavioristictheorybelievesthattheinfant’smindatbirthisablankslatetobewrittenonbyexperience.Withregardtolanguage,it

8、claimsthatchildrenacquiretheirL1throughachainofstimulus-response-imitation-reinforcement.Theotherschoolofthoughtsisbasedontheinnate