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1、初高屮衔接班高屮英语教学案(四)主编:陈老师82813606主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上应与主语保持一致。主谓一致的原则:1.语法一致原则:主语为单数形式谓语动词亦用单数形式;主语为复数形式谓语动词也用复数形式。2.意义一致原则:主语为单数含义谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数含义谓语动词也用复数形式。3.就近原则:谓语动词在人称和数上应与最靠近它的主语保持一致。4.整体原则:把主语部分当作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。①.当主语部分为Awith/togetherwith/alongwithB,Aaswe
2、llasB,AbutB,AexceptB,AbesidesB,AincludingB,AratherthanB,AnolessthanB等结构时,谓语动词应与A一致而与B无关。这就是我们所说的“就远原则”e.g.Thehouseincludingthegardenandthegaragewassold.Sunshine,aswellaswater,isneededtomakeplantsgrow.②.有些名词(physics,maths,politics,economics,news等)作主语时形式上是复数
3、,但谓语动词仍然用单数。e.g.Mathsismyfavoritesubject.Thenewsthathediedoflungcancerwasashocktous.③.集体名词作主语时,如若指整体则谓语动词用单数,如若指组成该集体的各个成员则谓语动词用复数。e.g.Isyourfamilyalargeone?Myfamilygetupearlyonweekdays.但people,police,cattle作主语时谓语动词总是用复数。e.g.Thepoliceareafterthethief.④.当主语
4、部分为eitherAorB,neitherAnorB,notonlyAbutalsoB等结构吋,主谓一致遵循就近原则。Therebe…固定句型中也遵循就近原则。e.g.NotonlyyoubutalsohehasbeentoCairo.Thereisapen,fivepencilsandtwopencil-boxesonthetable.NeitheryounorIamwrong.⑤.由and连接的两个名词作主语时,如果指的是两个人或两件事,谓语动词用复数;如果指一个人或一件事,谓语动词用单数。e.g.Th
5、eblackandthewhitecoataremine.那件黑色的上衣和白色的上衣都是我的。Theblackandwhitecoatismine.那件黑白相间的上衣是我的。Whenandwheretobuildthenewlibraryhasn'tbeendecided.⑥.短语morethanone什单数名词)和manya+单数名词作主语吋,谓语动词通常用单数。e.g.Morethanoneteamentersfortherelayrace.Manyamanhastriedthisexperimentb
6、efore.⑦.如若主语为everyAand(every)B,eachAand(each)B,noAand(no)B,manyaAand(manya)B等结构时,谓语动词用单数。e.g.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhashandedintheirbooks.①.alargequantityof+可数名词/不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;largequantitiesof+可数名词/不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。e.g・Alargequantityofgoodsoilhasbeenwas
7、hedawayinrecentyears.Largequantitiesofgoodsoilhavebeenwashedawayinrecentyears.②.百分之几/几分之几+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上与of后的名词保持一致。即of后如果是可数名词,谓语动词用复数;如果是单数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。e.g・55percentofthestudentsaregirls.Fourfifthsoftheworkhasbeendone・但oneandahalf+复数名词和aserieso
8、f+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词还是用单数形式。e.g.Oneandahalfaspirinsisleftinthebottle・Aseriesofeventswascausedbytheaccident.③•不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。e.g.Seeingisbelieving.Believingisseeing・11.名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。e.g.Wherewewillgo