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1、ThispageintentionallyleftblankQUANTUMTHEORYOFTHEELECTRONLIQUIDModernelectronicdevicesandnovelmaterialsoftenderivetheirextraordinarypropertiesfromtheintriguing,complexbehavioroflargenumbersofelectronsformingwhatisknownasanelectronliquid.Thisbookprovidesanin-depthintroductiontothephysicsoftheinter
2、actingelectronliquidinabroadvarietyofsystems,includingmetals,semiconductors,artificialnano-structures,atoms,andmolecules.One-,two-andthree-dimensionalsystemsaretreatedseparatelyandinparallel.Differentphasesoftheelectronliquid,fromtheLandauFermiliquidtotheWignercrystal,fromtheLuttingerliquidtotheq
3、uantumHallliquid,areextensivelydiscussed.Bothstaticandtime-dependentdensityfunctionaltheoryarepresentedindetail.Althoughtheemphasisisonthedevelopmentofthebasicphysicalideasandonacriticaldiscussionofthemostusefulapproximations,theformalderivationoftheresultsishighlydetailedandbasedonthesimplest,m
4、ostdirectmethods.Aself-contained,comprehensivepresentationofthenecessarytechniques,fromsecondquantizationtocanonicaltransformationstobothzeroandfinitetemperatureGreen’sfunctionsisprovided.Thiscomprehensivetextwillbeofvaluetograduatestudentsinphysics,electricalengi-neeringandquantumchemistry,aswel
5、laspracticingresearchersinthoseareas.GABRIELEF.GIULIANIisaProfessorofPhysicsatPurdueUniversity,Indiana,USA.SincegaininghisPhDattheScuolaNormaleSuperiore,Pisa,Italyin1983,hehasheldpostdoc-toralpositionsatPurdueUniversityandBrownUniversity.HehasalsoconductedresearchattheUniversityofPisa,theUnivers
6、ityofRome,andtheInternationalCentreforTheoreticalPhysics,Trieste,Italy.HejoinedthefacultyofPurdueUniversityin1984andhasbeenaProfessorofPhysicssince1995.ProfessorGiuliani’smainareasofresearcharemany-bodytheory,transportinlow-dimensionalelectronicsystems,andsuperconductivity.Hehaspublishedmorethan
7、60papers.GIOVANNIVIGNALEistheMillsapProfessorofPhysicsattheUniversityofMissouri-Columbia.AftergraduatingfromtheScuolaNormaleSuperioreinPisain1979andgaininghisPhDatNorthwesternUniversityin1984,hehascarriedoutresearchattheMax-
