牛津新词展现英语流动之美

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1、牛津新词展现英语流动之美　　TheOxfordEnglishDictionary―the“OED”toitsfriends―hasannounceda2016update，consistingofover1，000newwordsandwordmeanings，alongwiththerevisionorexpansionofover2，000entries1）.　　Therevisionsarenotjustnewwordsorphrases，like“glamping，”“air-punching，”“sweary”and“budgiesmugglers.”Th

2、eOEDhasalsoreviseditsentryof“bittem，”anobsolete2）wordover1000yearsold，meaning“thekeelorlowerpartofaship’shull.”　　　　Wheredidthenewwordscomefrom？Someareborrowedfromotherlanguages，suchas“narcocorrido”（aSpanishwordforatraditionalMexicanballadrecountingtheexploitsofdrugtraffickers），“potjie”

3、（fromAfrikaans，athree-leggedcastironcookingpotforuseoverafire），and“shishito”（fromJapanese，aparticularkindofchiliusedinAsiancooking）.　　Someadditionsaredeeplyrevealingofourmodernpreoccupations―suchastheterms“assisteddeath.”Thiscategoryalsoincludestheword“agender”（withoutgender），bornofa8c

4、ommunalreactiontoourdeeplybinarythinkingaroundgender.TheOEDdatesitsusefirsttotheyear2000.　　TheOEDhasalsoaddednew“initialisms.”Toitsexistinglist，whichincludedIMF（InternationalMonetaryFund）andIDB（illicit3）diamondbuyer），ithasaddedICYMI（incaseyoumissedit），IRL（inreallife），IDK（Idon’tknow），an

5、dFFS（lookthatoneupifyoudon’tknowitalready！）　　Manyofthenewentriesaremadebycombiningwords.Someofthesefitthedefinitionof“compoundwords，”thatis，wordsformedbyjoiningtwotogether，suchas“air-punching，”“bare-knuckle”and“self-identity.”Othersarejusttwowordsputside-by-side，suchas“powercouple，”“ho

6、ckeymum4），”“testdrive”and“starsign.”　　Clearlysomeoftheseterms―“budgiesmugglers”forinstance―havebeenaroundforsometime.TheOEDdatesthistermto1998.ThesourceisTheGames，theAustralianmockumentary5）televisionseriesaboutthe2000OlympicGamesinSydney.　　Theexpression“battleofthesexes，”meanwhile，has

7、onlyjustmadeitintothedictionary.TheOEDfirstattestsitsuserightbackto1723.　　Thentherearethenewformsfromoldstock.Forinstance，totheverb“exploit，”theOEDisaddinganadjective8（“exploitational”），anadverb（“exploitatively”），andanountodenotesomeonewhoisexploitingsomeoneorsomething（“exploiter”）.