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时间:2019-01-09
《different human resource management approaches of american and japanese firms》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、DifferentHumanResourceManagementApproachesofAmericanandJapaneseFirms Introduction ThedifferentapproachesofJapaneseandAmericanhumanresourcemanagementtypicallyrepresentdifferentstagesinsocializedproductiondevelopmentofcapitalism.Thesuccessesofnumerousfirmsinthetwocountrieshavepromotedsubstantialdi
2、scussion.IntermsofJapanesefirms?recoveryafterbubbleclaspedandtherecentrecessioninAmerica,thedifferentapproachesunderinternationalizationcircumstancesworthupdatedevaluation.Thispaperwillevaluatetheirmaindifferencesinaframeofhumanresourceallocation,institutionalarrangement,incentivesystemandinternat
3、ionalrelationship,whichfollowedbydiscussionofculturalfactorsofinfluence. DifferencesofhumanresourcemanagementbetweenAmericanandJapanesefirms Americawastheforerunnerduringtheearlystageofcapitalismdevelopment.VariousworldwidestandardshavebeenestablishedalongwiththeexpansionofbigAmericanfirms.Japan
4、hasbeengoodatabsorbingwesternadvantages,andmoreflexibleapplications8weregeneratedincompetition.JacobytheorizedthatAmericanfirmsaremarket-orientedwhileJapanesefirmsareorganization-orientedinhumanresourcemanagement.AccordingtoTheoryZ(Ouchi,1981),thetwokindsoffirmsdifferintheseaspects:recruitmentsyst
5、em,decisionprocess,responsibility,controlsystem,jobtrainingandwelfare.Relatingtothesesectors,analysisofhumanresourcemanagementcouldbemeasuredinallocation,institutionalarrangement,incentivesystemandinternationalmanagementthesefouraspects. AmericanFirms ThebasisofAmericanmodeliscontractandsense,an
6、dmarketmechanismplaysadominantroleinallocatinglaborforceenteringorexitingAmericanfirms.Therelationshipbetweenfirmsandemployeesareshort-termfulfillmentofdemandandsupply,whichrequireslittleresponsibilityorloyalty.Thiskindofrelationshipmayresultinhighliquidityoflaborforceinbiglabormarket,whilstthelow
7、stabilitymaycausedifficultiesinaccumulatinghigh-skilledexports. Americanfirmsarehighlyspecializedandsystemized,andemployeesaremostlyallocatedtoplacesexactlycorrespondingtotheirspecialties.Theymaybereallocatedind
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