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1、Appendix：InternationalBusinessReview13(2004)383-400Sourcesofexportsuccessinsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises:theimpactofpublicprogramsRobertoAlvarezEDepartmentofEconomics,UniversityofChile,Santiago,ChileAbstractThispaperanalyzesdifferencesinfirmexporterperformsneeforsmalla
2、ndmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs).Traditionally,itisarguedthatthesefirmsfaceseveraldisadvantagesforcompetingininternationalmarkets.Fewstudies,however,exploitthefactthatsuccessfulexportersexistwithinthisgroup・UsingdataforChileanfirms,westudyvariousexplanationsfordifferences
3、betweensporadicandpermanentexporters・Ourresultssuggestthatgreatereffortininternationalbusiness,processinnovation,andtheutilizationofexportpromotionprogramscontributepositivelytoexportperformanceinSMEs.Inaddition,wefindthatsomeformsofinterventionarebetterthanothers:trades
4、howsandtrademissionsdonotaffecttheprobabilityofexportingpermanently,butexportercommitteesshowapositiveandsignificantimpact.Keywords:Exportperformsnee;Exportpromotion;Small-andmedium-sizedenterprises1IntroductionInternationalevidencesuggeststhatfirmsizemattersforexporterp
5、erformsnee.SeveralreasonshavebeenprovidedtoexplainwhylargerfirmsperformbetterinInternationalmarkets.Advantagesassociatedwithscaleeconomiesandspecialization,betteraccesstofinancialresourcesincapitalmarkets,andimprovedcapabilitiestotakerisksareamongthesereasons.Also,eviden
6、ceinRobertsandTybout(1997)andBernardandJensen(1999)regardingtheexisteneeofsunkcoststoenteringinternationalmarketsimpliesthatsmall-andmediumsizedenterprises(SMEs)facegreaterlimitationsthanlargerfirmstobesuccessfulexporters・Thereare,however,firmswith!nthegroupofSMEsthathav
7、ebeenabletocompetesuccessfullyininternationalmarkets・Yet,fewempiricalstudiesexploitthisfact.Thispapercontributestothediscussionoffirmexporterperformsneeinfourways・First,wecompareexporterperformaneeamongfirmsofsimilarsize.Second,focusingonlyonexporters,wedistinguishbetwee
8、nsporadicandpermanentexporters・Third,weemployadetailedsurveyof295sporadicandpermanentexporters.Thissurv
