博士科技论文讲座5general information on documentation

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1、Unit5GeneralInformationonDocumentationTheChicagoManualofStyleAPAStyleMLAStyle8/21/20211Documentationeitherthroughnotesorthroughparentheticalreferencesanaccompanyingbibliographyorlistofworkscitedorreferences8/21/20212Purposesofdocumentation1toacknowled

2、geindebtedness2toestablishthevalidityofevidence3toindicatecross-referenceswithinthepaper4toamplifyideasinthetext5toprovideadditionalbibliographicalinformation8/21/20213Thetwobasictypesofsystemsfordocumentingmaterialsfromothersources:thenote-bibliograp

3、hysystem(bibliographicalinformationinfootnotesorendnotesandinabibliography.ThelistofWorkscitedentitled“Bibliography”)theparenthetical-referencesystem8/21/20214TwoStylesintheparenthetical-referencesystem:MLAStyle:author’snameandpagenumberinparentheses.

4、ThelistofWorkscitedentitled“WorksCited”APAStyle:author’snameanddateoftheworkcitedinparentheses.ThelistofWorkscitedentitled“References”8/21/20215Yourchoiceamongthesesystemsofdocumentationtheconventionsofyourfieldofstudy,thesuggestionsofyouradviser,ther

5、equirementsofyouruniversity,yourpersonaltaste.8/21/202165.1APAStyle(AmericanPsychologicalAssociationStyle)Citationofdocumentation:withinthetext.Theauthor’slastname,thedateofpublication,anyotherinformationnecessaryforlocatingthematerialcited8/21/20217

6、ReferencesAnalphabeticalreferencelistattheendoftheresearchpaperprovidescompleteinformationabouteachsourcecitedinthetext.Thelistshouldbeconfinedtothoseworksactuallycitedwithinthearticle,report,ordissertation,anditmustincludeallofthecitedworks.8/21/2021

7、85.1ParentheticalReferenceCitationinText1.AuthornamedinyourtextGould(1989)attributesDarwin’ssuccesstohisgiftformakingtheappropriatemetaphor.8/21/20219Subsequentcitationinthesameparagraph:Whenanothersentenceinthesameparagraphreferstothesameauthor,thepa

8、rentheticalmaterial,ifitremainsthesame,neednotberepeated.8/21/202110AuthornotnamedinyourtextAsmetaphorsfortheworkingsofnature,Darwinusedthetangledbank,thetreeoflife,andthefaceofnature(Gould,1989).8/21/202111DirectquotationwithnameofauthorGould