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ID:30006016
大小:145.81 KB
页数:66页
时间:2018-12-26
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1、GlossaryAcceptorsplicesite??Theboundarybetweenthe3’endofanintronandthe5’endofthefollowingexon.Alsocalled3’splicesite.剪接受体位点:内含子3′末端与下一个外显子5′端之间的交界处。又称3′剪接位点。Acrocentric??Atypeofchromosomewiththecentromerenearoneend.Thehumanacrocentricchromosomes(13,14,15,21,and22)havesatellitedshortarmsth
2、atcarrygenesforribosomalRNA.近端着丝粒(染色体):着丝粒位于接近染色体臂端部的染色体。人类近端着丝粒染色体(第13、14、15、21和22号)短臂的随体携带有编码核糖体RNA的基因。Adverseselection??Atermusedintheinsuranceindustrytodescribethesituationinwhichindividualswithprivateknowledgeofhavinganincreasedriskforillness,disability,ordeathbuydisproportionatelymo
3、recoveragethanthoseatalowerrisk.Asaresult,insurancepremiums,whicharebasedonaveragingriskacrossthepopulation,areinadequatetocoverfutureclaims.逆向选择:保险业的专有名词,指投保人知晓其有较高的患病、残疾或死亡风险,但隐瞒真相购买相关保险。因此,根据人群平均风险制定的保险费不足以支付相关费用。Affectedpedigreemembermethod??Amodel-freemethodoflinkageanalysisthatsyste
4、maticallymeasureswhetherrelativesaffectedwithadiseaseshareallelesatalocusmorefrequentlythanwouldbepredictedbychancealonefromtheirfamilialrelationship.Iftherelativesaresibs,itisreferredtoastheaffectedsibpairmethodoflinkageanalysis.患病家系成员法:一种不用模型的连锁分析方法。系统性地分析同患疾病的家系成员共享同一基因座等位基因的频率是否高于随机计算
5、值。若为胞亲,则称为连锁分析的患病胞对法。Allele??OneofthealternativeversionsofageneorDNAsequenceatagivenlocus.等位基因:在一对同源染色体的同一基因座上的两个不同形式的基因。Allele-specificoligonucleotide(ASO)??AnoligonucleotideprobesynthesizedtomatchaparticularDNAsequencepreciselyandallowthediscriminationofallelesthatdifferbyonlyasinglebas
6、e.等位基因特异的寡核苷酸(ASO):与基因点突变热点区互补的人工合成的寡核苷酸序列。Allelicexclusion??Inimmunogenetics,theobservationthatonlyoneofthepairofparentalallelesforeachHchainandLchainofanimmunoglobulinmoleculeisexpressedwithinasinglecell.等位基因排斥:免疫球蛋白的杂合子只表达一对等位基因中的一个的现象。Allelicheterogeneity??Inapopulation,theremaybeanum
7、berofdifferentmutantallelesatasinglelocus.Inanindividual,thesameorsimilarphenotypesmaybecausedbydifferentmutantallelesratherthanbyidenticalallelesatthelocus.等位基因异质性:一个基因有多种突变,产生多种异常表型的现象。个体相同或相似的表型,可能是由不同的突变等位基因引起,而非同一基因座的相同等位基因。Allogenic??Intransplantation,denotesi
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