观念新道路——启蒙语域下的洛克观念论研究

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1、其本身已成为影响世界历史的重大的思想事件之一。5、当然，在洛克观念论中所有的二元论色彩，经验主义特有的重个体轻原则的倾向也埋下了怀疑论或不可知论的陷阱，同时其若干思想由于其原创性还表现出许多的混沌不清成为后来哲学发展中争论的焦点，或者是有待澄清的命题，这些并不能遮蔽洛克思想的博大和深湛。在洛克三百周年忌年重温洛克的伟大思想对于清楚了解当今哲学发展的走向有一定的辅助作用。【关键词】：观念论；理性主义；启蒙；认识论；经验主义；【中图分类号】．B52AbstractThe“idea”isoneofthemostfrequentlyoccurringterminologies

2、inLockelSEssaysonHumanUnderstanding．ItisalsothekeytoconstruingLocke’SphilosophycorrectlyinsofarasitbearsandepitomizesthebasictenetsofLocke’Sphilosophicontologyandepistemology．Ontheotherhand，thenewelementsthatLockeinjectsintotheconventionaltheoryofideaarevirtuallyprefatorytotheEnlightenm

3、entMovementandtherebyoccupyasignificantpositionintheentirehistoryofphilosophicaldevelopment．Butdomestically,mostresearchersaremerelyconcernedwiththeobjectpropertiesreflectedbyLocke’SobjectpropertyandwiththeempiricaltendenciessuggestedinLock’Stheoryofidea．Ortheyarejustconfinedt0interpret

4、ingLockefromthesingleperspectiveofHegel’Ssystemofphilosophy．NosufficientattentionhasbeenpaidtotheuniqueideologiesconnotedinLOck'stheoryofidea，norhastherebeenanydiscussiononthevitalroleplayedbyLocke’StheoryofideaintheEnlightenmentMovement．Itisthereforetheintentionofthisdissertationtooffe

5、raf把shperspectivefromwMchtheuniquenessofLocke'sideologyistobeexaminedinthelightofthetheoryofidea．Locke’StheoryofideainheritstraditionfromthePlatonictheoryofidea，butatthesametimeitabsorbsallthenovelelementsthathademergedinthewesternphilosophiesofthemodemperiodjustpriortoLockeundertheconv

6、erginginfluenceofDescartismandBacon-Horbus’Sempiricism．Aretrospectivelookatthetwo-millenniumhistoryofwesternphilosophywouldclearlyrevealthatLocke’StheoryofideaistraceabletoPlato’Stheory,thatitisafurtherextensionofthetraditionalthinkinginthisconnection，andthatitlargelyexpandsinaneasilyun

7、derstandablewaythesocialinfluenceofsuchprogressiveelementsashumanism，rationalityandfreedomthatarea11．importantnotionsinthemodemideologicaldevelopmentsincetheRenaissance．Athreefoldsignificanceisfoundwiththetermofthe“idea”inLocke’SEssaysOnHumanUnderstanding：1．The。idea”asamentalen