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1、-【导读】在中国,公务员这只“金饭碗”可不是那么好端的Civil-serviceexams公务员考试Thegoldenrice-bowl“金饭碗”Younggraduates,oncerisk-takers,nowwanttoworkforthegovernmentagain曾喜欢冒险的年轻毕业生如今再度想要投向政府部门的怀抱Nov24th2012
2、TAIYUAN,SHANXIPROVINCE
3、fromtheprintedition.---ASCHINA’Seconomyhasboomedoverthepast30years,thenumberofyoungpeoplegoingintopri
4、vatebusinesshasgrownaccordingly.“Divingintothesea”ofcommerce,orxiahaiasitisknown,becameacceptedasthewaytomakemoneyandgetahead,andinterestingovernmentjobsdeclined.Overthepastdecade,though,inanextraordinaryreversal,youngjobseekershavebeenapplyingindrovesforgovernmentposts,evenastheeconomyhasquadrupled
5、insize.过去三十年来,随着中国经济的繁荣发展,越来越多的年轻人在求职时走向了私营企业。为了赚钱、出人头地,人们接受了“下海”这种方式,而对政府职位渐渐失去了兴趣。在过去的十年里,中国经济规模翻了两番。然而与此同时,年轻的求职者来了个180度的大转弯,争先恐后地应聘起了政府职位。OnNovember25ththenationalcivil-serviceexaminationswilltakeplace,andabout1.4mpeoplewillsitthem,20timesmorethanadecadeago.Ofthatnumber,only20,800willbehiredbygo
6、vernment(millionsmoresittheequivalentprovincialexamswithsimilarlylongoddsofbeinghired).Thisincreaseisdueinparttoasurgeinthenumberofuniversitystudentsenteringanintenselycompetitivemarketforjobs—nearly7mgraduatedthisyear,comparedwith1.5madecadeago.Itisalsothankstohealth,.---pensionand(sometimes)housin
7、gbenefits,whichareseenasgenerousandpermanentinasocietywithanunderfundedsafetynet—amodernversionoftheunbreakableMaoist“ironrice-bowl”ofstateemployment.11月25日,中国将举行国家公务员考试。届时将有约140万人应考,是十年前的二十倍。在这么多考生中仅有20800人将被政府录用(此外还有几百万考生将参加类似的省级公务员考试,录取率同样很低)。应考人数相比往年有所增加,部分是由于进入竞争激烈的市场求职的大学生猛增——今年有近700万名大学生毕业,而十
8、年前的毕业生仅为150万人。在医疗、养老和(部分情况下)住房方面,公务员还享有种种福利,这也是应考人数增加的原因。在毛泽东时代,政府公职是摔不坏的“铁饭碗”。而当今中国社保资金不足,在人们眼中,公务员享受的这些丰厚稳定的福利无疑也是一只“铁饭碗”。Somecivil-servicejobs,andalmostallseniorjobs,requiremembershipoftheCommunistParty.Thishelpsaccountfortheresurgentappealofthepartyasaconveyorofstatus,connectionsandspoils.Otherr
9、outesexistintoplumstatejobs—havingawell-placedfriendorrelativeingovernmentalwayshelps—but,inafaintechoofChina’sancientimperialexamsystem,civil-servicetests,introducedonanationallevelin1994,offerarelat