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History of English Literature--Literature in the 18th Century.ppt

History of English Literature--Literature in the 18th Century.ppt

ID：27386426

大小：1.95 MB

页数：169页

时间：2018-12-03

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1、EnglishLiteratureinthe18thCenturyBackground1688TheGloriousRevolution1760sIndustrialRevolution1775—1781WarofIndependence1789FrenchRevolutionEnlightenmentMovementTheGloriousRevolutionAim:TooverthrowtheruleofJamesII.TopreventCatholicismtorestoreinEngland

2、.TheGloriousRevolutionJamesIIThelastCatholicKinginEngland.Inthepursuitfortheabsolutepower.TheGloriousRevolution—processArevolutionwithoutblood–“glorious”.1688WilliamofOrangewasinvitedtoEngland.NovemberWilliamarrivedinEnglandJamesIIfledtoGermany.1689Wi

3、lliamandMaryweredeclaredtobethejointsovereignofEngland.TheGloriousRevolution—result1689BillofRightsConstitutionalMonarchywasestablished.Themonarchistheheadofstate,butadirectly-orindirectly-electedprimeministerisheadofgovernment.Therealauthoritywasinth

4、ehandsoftheparliamentandofthecabinetresponsibletoparliament.TheGloriousRevolution—resultPower:inthehandsoflandlordsandcapitalists.Nature:acompromisebetweenthearistocracyandthebourgeoisie.SystemofCapitalismwasfinallyestablished.backIndustrialRevolution

5、—backgroundAnestablishedcapitalism.BigtradingcompaniesMoneyinvestmentCapitalistwayofproduction:industry&agricultureEnclosureIndustrialRevolution—processTime:1760s–1840sMachinesreplacedmanualtools.Itbeganinthetextileindustry.Symbol:thewideuseofsteamers

6、.1764spinningJennyIndustrialRevolution—influenceProductivityincreased.Capitalisteconomydevelopedfast.Industrialstructurechanged.Thesocietyischangingfromagriculturaltoindustrial.Newsocialclasses:industrialcapitalists&industrialproletariat;middleclass.I

7、ndustrialRevolution—influenceTrendsofthinkingSocialismAnarchismPrivatepropertyMostofthesocialclasseswishedtoimprovetheirlifethroughrevolution.backAmericanWarofIndependenceAmericanWarofIndependence--backgroundHeavytaxesAnti-Englishorganizations:SonofLi

8、berty,CommunicationsCommissionBostonMassacreAmericanWarofIndependenceDec.6,1773BostonTeaPartyApril19,1775LexingtonJuly4,1776DeclarationofIndependenceAmericanWarofIndependence–process1775—1778inthenorth,Britisharmytookadvantage1779—1781inthesou

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