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1、臺北巿立教育大學101學年度博士班入學考試試題所 別：教育學系博士班科目：英文教育名著（共同科目）不得使用計算機或任何儀具。考試時間：100分鐘【10:20−12:00】總分：100分※注意：不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在考試試卷上；限用藍色或黑色筆作答，使用其他顏色或鉛筆作答者，所考科目以零分計算。(於本試題紙上作答者，不予計分。)問答題(每題25分，共100分)一、請說明下列英文的大意並評論之。Lazinessandcowardicearethereasonswhysogreataportionofmanki
2、nd,afternaturehaslongsincedischargedthemfromexternaldirection,neverthelessremainunderlifelongtutelage,andwhyitissoeasyforotherstosetthemselvesupastheirguardians.Itissoeasynottobeofage.IfIhaveabookwhichunderstandsforme,apastorwhohasaconscienceforme,aphysicianwhodecides
3、formydiet,andsoforth,Ineednottroublemyself.Ineednotthink,ifIcanonlypay---otherswillreadilyundertaketheirksomeworkforme.（文字摘自I.Kant,Whatisenlightenment?）二、請寫出下列短文中文大意並評述之。Childrenworkingwithanauthoritarianordominativeteacherwerelikelytobeover-submissive,yetaggressivean
4、duncooperativewhenleftontheirown.StudiesofthisnatureaboundedinAmericanresearchduringthe1950sandearly1960s,whileatthesametime,inthiscountryandintheUSA,psychologistsweredevelopingsociometrictechniques,basedontheworkofMoreno(1934),inordertomappatternsofinteractionbetween
5、pupils.Theprocedureisinfactsostraightforwardthat（第3頁，共3頁）ithasbeenusedbymanyclassteacherstohelpthemgroupchildrenatthebeginningoftheyearinawaythatthepupilsthemselvesfindacceptable.Allthatisneededisfortheteachertoaskhispupilsrelativelysimplequestions,forexample,tosaywho
6、mtheywouldliketositnextto,workwithonagroupbasis,orchooseasapartnerforPE.Fromthisinformation,friendshippatternswithintheclassemerge;isolateswhoarenotchosenbyanybodyareidentified;highlypopularchildrenandcloselyknitcliquesarerecognized.(摘自MerielDowneyandA.V.Kelly(Ed.)The
7、oryandPracticeofEducation:anIntroduction.Publication:PaulChapmanPublishingLtd.)三、請以中文說明下列短文的要旨，並申論其如何應用於教學實務。Haveyoueverwonderedwhatittakestobecomeamasterteacher?Sure,youknowwhatmasterteachersdo—whattheirclassroomslooklike,howtheystructuretheirlessons,thekindsofassess
8、mentstheygive,andthestrategiestheyuse.Butbecomingamasterteacherinvolvesmorethansimplydoingwhatmasterteachersdo.Tobeamasterte
