资源描述：
《English Rhetoric_英语修辞》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、EnglishRhetoric英语修辞“Rhetoricistheartofusinglanguageeffectively.”fromModernRhetoricbyBrooksandWarren.Differencesbetweengrammarandrhetoric:“Grammarmapsoutthepossible;rhetoricnarrowsthepossibledowntothedesirableandeffective.”ByFrancisChristensen“Grammaristhelawoflanguage
2、,consideredaslanguage;rhetoricistheartoflanguage,consideredasthought.Grammartellswhatiscorrect;rhetorictellswhatiseffectiveandpleasing.”By伍海伦Figuresofspeech修辞格Figuresofspeechareformsofexpressionthatdepartfromnormalwordorsentenceorderorfromthecommonliteralmeaningsofwor
3、ds,forthepurposeofachievingaspecialeffect.Ineverydayspeechandwritingandinliteraturethechieffunctionsoffiguresofspeechareprobablytoembellish,toemphasizeortoclarify.Theyareusedtogivetoneoratmospheretodiscourse,toprovidevividexample,tostimulatethoughtbystartlingthereader
4、orlistener,togivelifetoinanimateobjects,toamuse,ortoornament.Simile明喻:afigurethatinvolvesanexpressedcomparison,almostalwaysintroducedbytheword“like”or“as”.Thetwothingscomparedmustbedissimilarandthebasisofresemblanceisusuallyanabstractquality.Examples:A.Likesoft,watery
5、lightningwentthewanderingsnakeatthecrowd.(D.H.Lawrence)B.Hebellowedlikeabullseekingcombat.Moreexamples:a.Whoistoblamebuthertyrantofafather?b.Hehadnomoreideaofmoneythanacow.c.Loveandcoughcannotbehid.Metaphor暗喻：thesubstitutionofonethingforanother,ortheidentificationoftw
6、othingsfromdifferentrangesofthought.Itisoftenlooselydefinedas“animpliedcomparison,”“asimilewithout‘like’or‘as’.Metaphorisconsideredbymanythemostimportantandbasicpoeticfigureandalsothecommonestandthemostbeautiful.Examples:A.Snowclothestheground.6A.Somebooksaretobetaste
7、d,othersswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.(Bacon)B.Thisisnotthetimetothrowupthesponge,whentheenemy,alreadyweakenedanddivided,areontheruntoanewdefensiveposition.(mixedmetaphor;amixtureofprize-ringandbattlefield)Personification(拟人)：afigurethatendowsobjects,anima
8、ls,ideas,orabstractionswithhumanform,character,orsensibility.Therearethreechiefkindsofpersonifications:Examples:A.Thatproduc
