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1、Chapter5choiceofsentencesTypesofSentenceAccordingtotheirfunction,wehave—1)declarativesentences.（陈述句）2)interrogativesentences.（疑问句）3)imperativesentences.（祈使句）4)exclamatorysentences.（感叹句）Accordingtotheirstructure,wehave—1)simplesentences.（简单句）2)compoundsentences.（并列句）3)complexsentences.（复合句）4)c
2、ompound-complexsentences.（并列复合句）Fromarhetorical（修辞）pointofview,wehave— 1)loosesentences.（松散句）2)periodicsentences.（掉尾句）3)balancedsentences.（平行句）4)Shortandlongsentences（长短句）Fromarhetoricalpointofview,sentencesareloose,periodic,orbalanced.I.loosesentenceandperiodicsentence1.Aloosesentenceputsthe
3、mainideabeforeallsupplementaryinformation;inotherwords,itputsfirstthingsfirst,andletsthereaderknowwhatitismainlyaboutwhenhehasreadthefirstfewwords.Thereversearrangementmakesaperiodicsentence:themainideaisexpressedatorneartheendofit,anditisnotgrammaticallycompleteuntiltheendisreached.Thereader
4、doesnotknowwhatitismainlyaboutuntilhefinishesreadingit.(AHandbookofWritingDingWangdao)a.ShedecidedtostudyEnglishthoughshewasinterestedinmusic. b.Althoughshewasinterestedinmusic,shefinallydecidedtostudyEnglish.ThemainideaofbothsentencesisthefactthatshedecidedtostudyEnglish.Thisideaisputatthebe
5、ginningofthefirstsentenceandattheendofthesecond,thusmakingonealoosesentenceandtheotheraperiodicone.Besides,thefirstpartofthefirstsentenceiscompleteinstructure,butthatofthesecondisonlyanadverbialclauseandcannotbecalledasentencewithoutthesecondpart.Loosesentencemainideaispresentedatthebeginning
6、andthesubordinateordependentconstituentsareaddedtoit.Suchsentencesareplacedinanaturalorderlikethis:subject-verb-complement.Theinformationisorderlypresentation.Itisoftensimpler,natural,anddirect.E.g..Thestudentsatquietly,tremblingatthethoughtofwritinganessay.Periodicsentencesubordinateideacome
7、sfirstandmainideacomesattheend.E.g.Havingconsideredbothsidesoftheargument,Ihavecometotheconclusionthattheadvantagesofowningacaroutweighthedisadvantages.A.YoucannotmakegreatprogressinEnglishwithoutgoodstudyhabits. B.Withoutgoodstudyhabits,youc
