外文翻译---制动系统

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1、附录1HydraulicBrakeSystemsThebrakingsystemisthemostimportantsystemincars.Ifthebrakesystemfail,theresultcanbedisastrous.Whenyousteponthebrakepedal,youexpectthevehicletostop.Thebrakepedaloperatesahydraulicsystemthatisusedfortworeasons.First,fluidunderpressurecanbecarriedtoallpartsofthevehiclebysmallhose

2、sormetallineswithouttakingupalotofroomorcausingroutingproblems.Second,thehydraulicfluidoffersagreatmechanicaladvantage-littlefootpressureisrequiredonthepedal,butagreatdealofpressureisgeneratedatthewheels.Thebrakepedalislinkedtoapistoninthebrakemastercylinder,whichisfilledwithhydraulicbrakefluid.Them

3、astercylinderconsistsofacylindercontainingasmallpistonandafluidreservoir.Modernmastercylindersareactuallytwoseparatecylinders.Suchasystemiscalledadualcircuit,becausethefrontcylinderisconnectedtothefrontbrakesandtherearcylindertotherearbrakes.(Somevehiclesareconnecteddiagonally.)Thetwocylindersareact

4、uallyseparated,allowingforemergencystoppingpowershouldonepartofthesystemfail.Theentirehydraulicsystemfromthemastercylindertothewheelsisfullofhydraulicbrakefluid.Whenthebrakepedalisdepressed,thepistonsinthemastercylinderareforcedtomove,exertingtremendousforceonthefluidinthelines.Thefluidhasnowheretog

5、o,andforcesthewheelcylinderpistons(drumbrakes)orcaliperpistons(discbrakes)toexertpressureonthebrakeshoesorpads.Thefrictionbetweenthebrakeshoeandwheeldrumorthebrakepadandrotor(disc)slowsthevehicleandeventuallystopsit.Alsoattachedtothebrakepedalisaswitchthatlightsthebrakelightsasthepedalisdepressed.Th

6、elightsstayonuntilthebrakepedalisreleasedandreturnstoitsnormalposition.Eachwheelcylinderinadrumbrakesystemcontainstwopistons,oneateitherend,whichpushoutwardinoppositedirections.Indiscbrakesystems,thewheelcylindersarepartofthecaliper(therecanbeasmanyasfourorasfewasone).Whetherdiscordrumtype,allpiston

7、susesometypeofrubbersealtopreventleakagearoundthepiston,andarubberdustbootsealstheouterendsofthewheelcylindersagainstdirtandmoisture.Whenthebrakepedalisreleased,aspringpushesthemastercylinderpistonsba