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1、英语知识摘要中国译与学的尴尬由来已久。原因不外：1，译品芜滥恶质化2，译学研究教条化，旷日持久满足于对脱胎中古译经的晚清翻译标准“信、达、雅”浅表，没完没了的语义转换（忠实/通顺）。对“信、达、雅”认识论基础的浅陋，落后的揭露，及方法论的无效，虚妄的批判是中国译界走出困境的必由之路。西方译学研究已超越语文学及结构语言学阶段，进入多元化时代。中国译界的进步则取决于已朦胧浮现在地平线上，和严复“信、达、雅”的一场激烈的思想交锋和实质性对话。一切从理性/经验/现实/语境出发，考察“信、达、雅”的形成，渊源、流变、僵化过程,则
2、是这一对话成功的真正前提。TheinfluxofforeignideasintoChinabeganwiththetranslationofreligioustractsfromIndiaintheearlyHanDynasty.ThesecondwaveofChinesetranslatingwasusheredinPre-OpiumWar,withemphasisinitiallyagainonreligionbeforeshiftingtoadiversityoftexts,scienceandtechnolog
3、y,thecommercials,thehumanities,etc.ThroughoutthehistoryofChinesetranslation,YanFuhasbeenacentralfigurenotonlyinpioneeringanewdirectioninchina'sefforttounderstandtheoutsideworldthroughtranslationandwritingasapublicist.HisadaptationofancientBuddhisttranslators'the
4、oriesintoathreefoldcriteria(fidelity,fluency,elegance)remainsaquasi-ideologyformodernChinesepractitionersandtheorists.Althoughexaltingthesupremacyoftheoriginals.Yanseldomliveduptohisowncreed.Onthecontrary,awareofmanyapitfallinthesyntacticaldifferencesbetweenChin
5、eseandEnglish,YancameoutwithrenditionsnothingshortofsummationsorevenparaphrasingsinidiomaticclassicalChinese,.nevertheless,believedtobemoreintunewiththespiritandquintessenceoftheoriginals.However,suchglaringgapbetweentheoryandpractice(anultraconservatisttheorist
6、andanarch–revolutionary-practitioner,hasescapedtheacademicattentionorsimplybeendownplayedintooblivion.Theideologicalimportinherentinthenotionoffidelityhasnurturedthesuperficialorientationtowardsformalequivalence(mechanicalmatchingofTLandSLlinguisticandstylisticf
7、eaturesinisolation),Whereasthetime-honoredbutsterilefree/literaldebatebreedsaninfinityofcategorizationofsmallpracticaltricksNow,thankstoworkbeingdoneintheworldoftranslationstudiesinthewest,insightsfromwesterncounterpartshaveadvancedourunderstandingoftheimpassein
8、whichwearelandedin,duetothecanonizationofYan'scriteria.Wearesetamajorproblem.Wearechallengedtoexploretheepistemologicalna?vetyandmethodologicalirrelevance,mostlyideol
