沈周与水墨写意花鸟画

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1、南京师范大学硕士学位论文沈周与水墨写意花鸟画姓名：周伟申请学位级别：硕士专业：美术学（中国画）指导教师：陆越子20070516摘要明代中期以后，文人绘画的主要表现形式之～水墨写意花鸟画逐渐成为一种趋势，这一转变，沈周可谓功勋卓著。虽然在明之前也有水墨写意花鸟，但主流仍是以勾染为主的，而且宋院体花鸟在元代仍保持着很大的影响力。包括钱选、王渊的花鸟画还是保留着院体的体制，只是变色为墨，变富丽为淡雅，变拘谨为灵动罢了，只有到了沈周，花鸟画才发生了根本性的转变，写意花鸟代替勾染一派真正成为花鸟画坛的主流，他在前人

2、基础上所开创的水墨写意花鸟启发了后来的大写意花鸟的发展。明代的画家大都受过沈周的影响，如：文征明、唐寅以及徐渭都是在他的基础上发展起来的。纵而观之，明清两代的花鸟画皆在沈周画风的笼罩之下。由此可见，沈周的花鸟画开创了文入水墨写意花鸟画的先河，同时，他又注重写生，扩大了水墨写意花鸟画的题材，他独特的绘画思想和表现手法影响了整个明清画坛直至近代现代而不衰。关键词：沈周花鸟影响AbstractAfterthemiddleperiodofMingDynasty,Inkimpressionisticflower-a

3、nd—birdpaintings，oneofthemainpaintingformformenofletters，graduallybecameatrend．ShenZhouhasmadeanoutstandingcontributiontothischange．BeforeMingDynasty,althoughitexistedtheformofInkimpressionisticflower-and—birdpaintings,themainstreamgavefirstplacetodyepain

4、tings，andSong-court-styledflower-and-birdpaintingsstillhadgreatinfluenceinYuanDynasty．QianXuanandWangYuanincluded,theirflower-and·birdpaintingsreservedthecourtstyle，withnonuancesmorethanturningdyeintoink,gorgeousnessintoelegancy,andstiffintoagile．Theflowe

5、r-and—birdpaintingsdidn’tmakefundamentalshiftsuntilShcnZhou'spaintingscameout，whenInkpaintingimpressionisticflower-and-birdpaintingstooktheplaceofdyepaintingsasthemainstreamintheflower-and-birdpaintingcircles．TheImpressionisticsplashesofinkthatShenZhoucre

6、atedonthebasisofthepredecessorsenlightenedthedevelopmentofHeardbird．MostofthepaintersinMingDynastywereinfluentedbyShenZhoutocertaindegree．Forexample，WenZhengming,TangYinaswellasXuWeiallachievedtheirdevelopmentonShenZhou’Sbaisis．OverlookingMingandQingDynas

7、ty,theflower-and-birdpaintingsallfollowedthestyleofShenzhou．ItcanbeconcludedthatShenZhouistheforerunnerinInkpaintingimpressionistic．Atthesametime，heattachedimportancetothepaintfromlife，thesubjectmattercomposingflower-and-birdpainting,hisdistinctivedrawing

8、ideaandtechniqueofexpressionhaveaffectedtheentirepaintingcirclesfromMingandQingDynastyupuntilmodemtimeswithoutdeclination．Keywords：ShenzhouPaintingofflowersandbirdsaffluencen学位论文独创性声明本人郑重声明：l、坚持以。求实、创新”的科学精神从事研究工作。2