The Study of Fossilization and Method to Solve 语言石化现象研究及解决办法

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1、TheStudyofFossilizationandMethodtoSolve语言石化现象研究及解决办法Contents1.Introduction12.TheDefinitionofFossilization22.1WhatisFossilization22.2TheClassificationofFossilization42.3TheStabilizationandFossilization52.4IsFossilizationGlobalorLocal?63.BehavioralReflexesandCausalVariables113.1LackofAccesstoUniver

2、salGrammar113.2QualityofInput113.3LackofSensitivitytoInput123.4AbsenceofCorrectiveFeedback123.5TheEmotionalState133.6CriticalPeriodHypothesis143.6.1CriticalPeriodEffectsonLanguageLearning154.SecondLanguageInstructionandFossilization164.1HowDoseInstructionAidAcquisition164.2HowDoseInstructionPromo

3、teFossilization175.SummaryandConclusion17WorksCited18TheStudyofFossilizationandMethodtoSolve摘要语言石化现象已经成为二语学习者进一步提高语言能力的巨大问题，而对于中国学生来说更是如此，外语学习到一定程度后，就总是处于一种似乎停滞不前的状态，至少看不到明显的进步，自己的外语听起来永远是外语，无法像本族语者那样运用自如，甚至有的学习者达到高级学习阶段时，整体外语水平与能力反不如从前。作者也遇到了这个问题，认为许多学生和老师也会遇到这样的问题，因此作者在这篇论文中探讨了语言石化。鉴于国内外大量的研究，语

4、言石化有很多不同的定义和阐释，根据以前的研究，语言石化可以分为不同的类别。那就是语音石化，词素石化，句法石化，语篇石化，语义和语用石化。根据石化的程度可以分为暂时性石化和永久性石化。如何区分暂时性石化和永久性石化，引起石化的原因是什么，在语言教学和学习过程中如何避免石化，这是写这篇论文的目的。因为作者的能力有限，解决石化的方法很多是引用前人的研究，将来还需要很多进一步的实证研究。关键词：语言石化；石化分类；石化原因；解决办法AbstractIt'suniversallyacknowledgedthatlanguagefossilizationhasbecomeabigproblemfor

5、L2learnerstobeverysuccessfulintheirlanguagelearningoracquisition.ItisveryeasytodistinguishL2learnerfromnativespeakerbytheiraccent,wordchoiceandgrammaticalfeatures.Despiteoftheircontinuousexposuretolanguageinputandconsistentefforts,theybecomecaughtupsomewhereinthelearningprocessandfindthemselvesun

6、abletoprogesstowardthetargetlanguage(TL);evensomeadvancedlearnershavebackslidintheirlanguagecompetence.Theauthoralsomeettheproblemandthinkthatalotofstudentsandteachershavetheproblem.Sotheauthorhastriedtoprobeintofossilization.Inthelightoftheefficiencyinthepreviousstudiesabroadandhome:therearemany

7、definitionsandadequatedescriptionsaboutfossilization.Accordingtopreviousstudy,fossilizationcanbedividedintodifferentgroups.Thatis，phonetic,morphological,syntactic,discourse,semanticandpragmatic.Further,somepeoplegenera