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1、AnABCofTranslation(ByJustinBland,SylviaMello,andTiaBabinewithalittlerevisionbyChenHongwei)A—Translationisanart.Itisahumanprocessthatcreatesanobjectofaestheticvalue.However,inthisageofartificialintelligence,aconflicthasarisenbetweenautomaticandartisanaltranslation.Andwhilethemachinesmaybeab
2、letoproducealiteral,ifnotalwaysaccurate,translation,theywillneverreplacetheartistryofhumantranslation.B—ThehumanbeingscannotlivewithouttranslationastheEnglish-speakingpeoplecannotlivewithoutbread.C—Crikey!Translationdoesnothavetooccurbetweentwodifferentlanguages,but,rather,inintralingualtr
3、anslation,itoccurswithinonelanguageitself.Thiscouldhappenthroughclarification,definition,comment,parody,orsimpletranslationbetweendialects.Mindthe[translation]gap!D—Thedictionaryisperhapsthetranslator’smostcommontool;however,difficultiesoftenarise.E—Atranslationmustattempttocreatethesameef
4、fectuponthereaderastheoriginal.Atranslatorusuallyimposeshisown6creativeegotoproduceatextthatisequallyasvalidastheoriginal.F—Acommonlydisputedissueoftranslationisthatofforeignizingversusdomestigatingatext.Foreignizedtranslationisjustlikeavehiclebringingthereadertotheoriginallanguagelikeajou
5、rneytoanabsolutelyforeignland.Thoseinfavorofdomestication,ontheotherhand,believethatthetranslationshouldflowinitsnewlyadoptedlanguage(TL).G—AccordingtoWalterBenjamin,thetranslatorisagardenerinthathetendstotheseedlingsoftheoriginaltextssothattheygrowandflowerasliving,healthytranslations.H—T
6、heactoftranslationdoesnotoccurinavoid—ithappenswithinspecificcircumstancesoftime,space,andhistory.I—Ecodiscussesintersystemicinterpretation,ortherewritingofatextinanothersystemofexpression.Standardtranslationbetweentwotextsisincludedinthisidea,butsoareavarietyofotherprocesses.Adaptation,fo
7、rexample,referstoworkslikeaballetthatisbasedonafairytale,afilmthatisbasedonanovel,orananimationthatisbasedonapieceofclassicalmusic.Ratherthanmovingbetweentwolanguages,theseworksmustmovebetweentwoformsofartisticexpression.6J—Slogansandjinglesareoftendifficultto
