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1、INTRODUCTIONTheseSMCPhavebeencompiled:-toassistinthegreatersafetyofnavigationandoftheconductofship,-tostandardizethelanguageusedincommunicationfornavigationatsea,inport-approaches,inwaterways,harboursandonboardvessels.《标准航海通信用语》用于:-提高航海和船舶操纵的安全性;-使海上航行、进出
2、港操纵、水道航行、港内作业及船上业务的通信语言标准化。ThesephrasesarenotintendedtosupplantorcontradicttheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea,1972orspeciallocalrulesorrecommendationsmadebyIMOconcerningships'routeing.NeitheraretheyintendedtosupersedetheInternationalC
3、odeofSignalsnortosupplantnormalradiotelephonepracticeassetoutintheITURegulations.这些语句不用作代替《1972年国际海上避碰规则》、特殊规则以及国际海事组织对于船舶日常作业作出的建议,也不打算与这些规则相矛盾;这些语句不用作取代《国际信号规则》,也不用作代替《国际电信联盟》规定的正常无线电话通信规则。TheseSMCPmeettherequirementsoftheSTCWConvention,1978,asrevised,a
4、ndoftheSOLASConvention,1974,asrevised,regardingverbalcommunications;moreover,thephrasescoverthecommunicationrelevantsafetyaspectslaiddownintheseConventions.Knowledge,understandingandthecompetencetousetheSMCParerequiredbytheSTCWConvention,1978,asrevised,fo
5、rofficersinchargeofanavigationalwatchonvesselsof500grosstonnageormore.Useofthecommunicationphrasesshouldbemadeasoftenaspossibleinpreferencetootherwordingofsimilarmeaning,andtheyshouldbepartofinstructioninmaritimeeducationandtraining.《标准航海通信用语》符合经修正的《1978年
6、海员培训、发证和值班标准国际公约》、经修正的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》有关口语通信的要求;而且,这些用语也包括了上述两个公约中有关安全事宜的通信。经修正的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》对于500总吨及以上船舶的值班驾驶员使用《标准航海通信用语》的知识水平、理解能力和应用能力作出了要求。在通信中,《标准航海通信用语》的使用应优先于其它具有类似意义的措辞,而且这应成为航海教育与培训内容的一部分。Inthiswaytheyareintendedtobecomeanacceptablesafetyla
7、nguage,usingtheEnglishlanguage,fortheverbalinterchangeofintelligencebetweenindividualsofallmaritimenationsonthemanyandvariedoccasionswhenprecisemeaningsandtranslationsareindoubt,increasinglyevidentundermodernconditionsatsea.ForthatpurposetheSMCPbuildonbas
8、icknowledgeoftheEnglishlanguage,andtheyhavebeendraftedinasimplifiedversionofmaritimeEnglishintentionallyreducinggrammatical,lexicalandidiomaticvarietiestoatolerableminimumandstandardizedstructuresforthesakeofthefunc