研究生英文文献汇报系列2

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1、InfantGutMicrobiomeAssociatedWithCognitiveDevelopment婴儿（2岁时）的认知发育与（特定种类的）肠道微生物有关BiologicalPsychiatry,June2017（online）IF:10.577Yaoxing,2018-01-02ContensBackgroundObjectivesMethodsResultsStrengthsandlimitationsConclusionsWordsrodents（啮齿动物）Gutcolonization（肠道微生物定植

2、）MSEL:MullenScalesofEarlyLearning（马伦早期学习量表）16SribosomalRNAampliconsequencing（16srRNA扩增子测序）alphadiversity（α多样性：α多样性高，肠道菌群比较成熟）theUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill（北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校）Co-occurrenceNetworks（共线/同现网络）MetagenomePrediction（宏基因组学预测，利用基因组学的研究策略研究样品所包含的全部微生

3、物的遗传组成及其群落功能）Faecalibacterium（普氏菌）Bacteroides（拟杆菌）Ruminococcaceae（瘤胃球菌/疣微菌科）Background1.Thegutmicrobiomeisacomplexmicrobialecosystemthatvariesbetweenindividualsandmaybeakeymodulatorofneurodevelopmentthroughthemicrobiome-gut-brainaxis（肠脑轴）.2.Inrodents,experiment

4、almanipulationsthataltertheintestinalmicrobiotaimpactanxietyanddepression-relatedbehaviors.3.Inhumans,alteredmicrobialcompositionoftheguthasbeenreportedinchildrenwithautismandadultswithdepressionandislinkedtochildhoodtemperamentandadultcognition.4.Nostudieshave

5、addressedwhentheserelationshipsemergeordirectlyexaminedwhichbrainregionsmaybeinvolved.5.Arelationshipmayexistbetweenconcurrent(同时发生的)gutcolonizationandbraindevelopmentprocesses.Objectives1.Inthisprospective,longitudinalstudy,theresearcherstestedwhetherthe1-year

6、-oldgutmicrobiomewasassociatedwithcognitiveoutcomesat1and2yearsofage.2.Theyhypothesizedthatinfantgutmicrobiomesampleswouldclusterintogroupsofcommunitysimilarityandthatcognitiveabilitywoulddifferbetweenclusters.根据群落相似性，肠道菌群样本可以聚类为不同的组，而聚类到不同组的婴儿可能具有不同的认知能力Method

7、s1.StudyPopulationRecruited891-year-oldinfants(twinsandsingletons)fromtwoprospectivelongitudinalstudiesofearlybraindevelopmentattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill.两项关于早期大脑发育的前瞻性、纵向研究Exclusioncriteriafortheparentstudiesincludedfetalultrasoundabnormalitiesa

8、ndmajormedicalillnessofthemother.2.MicrobiomeAnalysis（微生物群分析方法）Parentscollectedapproximately200mgoffecalmaterialfromasinglediaper,placeditinatubefilledwithAllprotectreagent（