2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇

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阅读理解高频障碍词汇第1组1.abnormallyadv.不正常地2.absoluteadj.完全的，全部的；绝对的；十足的，地道的3.abundantadj.大量的，丰盛的，充裕的4.accomplishv.完成(任务)，达到(目的)，实现(计划、诺言等)5.accumulatev.积累，积聚，增加6.accuracyn.准确(性)，精确(程度)7.accusev.控告；指责，指控8.acknowledgev.承认(权威或主张)，告知(信件、礼物等)已收到9.acquirev.获得，得到，学到10.adaptv.使适应，使适合；改编11.adequateadj.充分的，足够的；合格的；合乎需要的12.adjustmentn.调整，适应，调节；修正13.admissionn.准入；接纳；入场费；承认14.adolescentn.青少年adj.青春期的，青春的，青少年的15.adoptv.收养，领养；采用，采取16.adorev.(不用于进行时)热爱，敬慕，崇拜，钟爱，喜爱17.adventuren.冒险；奇遇18.advocatev.拥护，支持；提倡；鼓吹n.鼓吹者，提倡者，拥护者，辩护人，律师19.affectionn.喜爱，钟爱，挚爱20.agencyn.代理机构，经销处，代理处，机构，(尤指政府内的)局，部，处21.alcoholicadj.含酒精的n.酒鬼，酗酒者22.allergicadj.过敏的；厌恶的；过敏引起的23.allocatev.拨给，划归，分配24.alternativeadj.可供替代的，两者择一的，供选择的；另类的，非传统的 n.可供选择的事物25.ambitionn.目标，野心，雄心，抱负，追求，夙愿26.ambulancen.救护车27.amountn.金额，数量v.总计【高考链接】1.(2017·江苏高考)Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation(植被),whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Inthe2.(2017·新课标卷III)absenceofwolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.3.(2017·北京高考)Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.x+-k.w4.(2016·浙江高考)Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.5.(2015·广东高考)Inrecentyears，however，younguppermiddleclasspeopleinLondon，havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents，inordertohidetheirclassorigins.6.(2015·江苏高考)Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.第2组1.ampleadj.足够的；丰裕的，富裕的；宽敞的，面积大的2.analyzev.分析3.analysisn.分析；分解4.ancientadj.古代的，古老的5.anecdoten.逸事，趣闻6.anniversaryn.周年纪念日7.annoyvt.(使)烦恼8.annualadj.每年的，年度的，一年一次的9.apparentadj.显而易见的，表面上的，貌似……的，明白的10.appealv.呼吁；恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力n.吸引力；上诉，申诉；呼吁 11.applaudv.&n.鼓掌，赞许，赞赏，欢呼，向……鼓掌，向……喝彩，称赞，赞许12.applicantn.申请人13.applicationn.申请，应用14.approvev.赞成，同意，批准，通过15.approximatelyadv.近似地，大约16.arguevi.争辩，争论vt.主张，认为17.argumentn.争论，辩论18.arisevi.起来，升起；出现，呈现，(由……而)引起，(由……)产生19.arrangev.安排，布置20.arrangementn.安排，布置，筹划21.aspectn.方面，外观，外表22.assessv.评价，评定(性质，质量)23.assessmentn.看法，评价24.assistancen.帮助，援助，支持25.associatev.联想，联系；结交，交往；使联合，使有联系，把……和……联系在一起n.合伙人，伙伴，同事adj.非正式的；副的；联合的26.associationn.协会，社团；联系27.assumev.假定，假设；承担；呈现28.assumptionn.假定，假设；担任29.atmospheren.大气；气氛，环境30.attemptvt.试图，尝试n.尝试，努力【高考链接】1.（2017·新课标卷III）Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater.2.（2017·北京卷）Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.3.（2017·新课标卷I）Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty 4.(2016·北京高考)Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.5.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme，rerouted(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.6.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable；thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(间隙)withconversation.7.(2015·浙江高考)Youcanuseyouractivereadingskillstoanalyzeandunderstandgraphsjustlikeanyothertext.第3组1.attractionn.吸引，爱慕，吸引力；具有吸引力的人或物2.availableadj.可获得的；可得到的；有空的；可用的3.backgroundn.背景4.backward(s)adv.向后5.bann.禁令，禁止v.禁止；取缔6.bareadj.裸露的，光秃秃的，无遮蔽的，无掩护的，勉强的v.露出，暴露7.bargainn.(经讨价还价后)成交的商品；廉价货v.讨价还价8.bathevi.洗澡；游泳n.游泳学+*科-网9.behalfn.利益；方面；代表，维护10.behavev.守规矩，行为，表现；做出反应，发生作用；举止规矩有礼，检点11.beneathprep.在……下方(面)，(指地位等)低于，次于12.bidv.&n.出价，喊价；命令，吩咐；投标；向(某人)道别n.喊价，出价；努力争取13.biographyn.传记14.blessvt.祝福；保佑；赞美15.blockn.大块；(木、石等)块；街区；路障vt.阻塞；阻挡16.boardn.木板；布告牌；委员会；(政府的)部v.上(船、火车、飞机等) 17.bonusn.奖金；红利；额外津贴18.boomn.&v.繁荣；轰鸣；激增n.隆隆声；(营业等的)激增；(经济等的)繁荣19.botanicaladj.植物学的20.botanyn.植物；植物学21.bouncev.使弹起，蹦，上下晃动n.弹跳，跳动22.braken.闸vi.刹车23.branchn.树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；分支部，分支机构，分局24.brandn.品牌，商标vt.打烙印于，加污名于25.breakv.打破(断，碎)；损坏，弄坏；打断；中断；摧毁；削弱；使破裂n.休息；中断；间隔26.breakthroughn.重大进展，突破27.breathevi.呼吸【高考链接】1.（2017·天津卷）Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomstolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.2.（2017·天津卷）UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.3.（2017·新课标卷I）Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.4.（2017·新课标卷I）PushchairsandwheelchairsareavailabletorentattheInformationDeskandDennyWayentrance.IDrequired.5.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556－4183.2.(2016·上海高考)Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry，wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson’sworld.6.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.7.(2014·重庆高考)Weshouldnotmistakenlybelievethatwealwaysbehaveasaresultofsomeinnerdisposition. 第4组1.briefadj.简洁的，简短的2.broadadj.宽广的3.broadcastvt.广播4.brochuren.资料(或广告)手册5.budgetn.预算，预算费v.做预算adj.廉价的6.buffetn.自助餐vt.连续猛击7.burstv.使爆裂，使破裂；突然发生n.(感情等的)爆发，破裂，爆炸8.buryvt.埋，葬；覆盖9.buttonn.纽扣；(电铃等的)按钮v.扣(纽扣)，用纽扣挂住10.campaignn.运动，战役；参加；发起运动11.cancelvt.取消，撤销12.candidaten.候选人，申请人；应试者；被认定适合者13.cartoonn.动画片，卡通14.casualadj.偶然的，碰巧的；非正式的；临时的；不定期的15.cautiousadj.小心的，谨慎的16.ceremonyn.典礼，仪式；礼节17.certificaten.证明，证明书；文凭18.charactern.特征，特性；性格；角色；人物；(汉)字，字体；品格19.classifyv.把……分类，把……归类学-+科/网20.campaignn.运动；活动；战役v.参加运动；参加竞选21.complexadj.难以理解的，复杂的n.建筑群；复合体22.compulsoryadj.强制的，必须做的，义务的23.confirmv.确认，确定；证实，证明；批准24.consultv.请教；查阅；商议；咨询25.conveyv.运输；传送；表达；传递(思想、感情等)26.convincev.使确信，使信服，劝服，说服27.declarevt.宣言，声称，声明；断言28.declinev.减少，下降，衰退；谢绝，婉拒 29.decoratevt.装饰，修饰30.delivervt.投递，传送(信件，邮包等)；发表，宣布，交付【高考链接】1.(2017·新课标卷II)Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.1.(2016·浙江高考)Managingthefamilybudgetmusthavebeenaveryhardtask，butshemadeitlookeffortless.2.(2016·天津高考)Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself，notwithme.3.(2014·江西高考)Theclickofabuttonallowspeoplemilesaparttotalkorseeeachotherwithoutevenleavingtheirhomes.4.(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Turinhasstartedacampaigntomakesuchdocuments，foundinlibrariesandstoresaroundtheworld，availablenotjusttoscholarsbuttotheyoungergenerationsofcommunitiesfromwhomthematerialswereoriginallycollected.5.(2014·四川高考)Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedas“nightowls”andonly10percentcanbeclassifiedas“earlybirds”—theother70percentareinthemiddle.Group51.editorn.编辑2.electricadj.电的；电动的3.emergencyn.紧急情况；突发事件4.especiallyadv.特别，尤其5.examplen.例子；榜样6.exchangen.交换，调换；交流7.expandv.扩大，增加，扩展8.explicitadj.明确的；清楚的；详述的；坦率的9.explorev.探险，勘察，考察；探索，探究10.explorern.探险者11.exportn.&v.出口，输出 12.exposevt.揭露；露出，显露；使面临13.expressvt.表达；表示；表露n.特快列车，特快专递14.extensionn.扩大；延伸；扩建；电话分机，分机号码15.extraordinaryadj.非凡的，异乎寻常的16.fantasticadj.(口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的17.faren.(车或船的)费用，票(价)18.faultn.缺点，毛病；错误19.feastn.盛宴，宴会，(宗教的)节日20.federaladj.联邦制的，联邦政府的21.femaleadj.女的；女性的；雌性的n.女人；雌性动物22.fightn.打仗(架)，战斗v.与……打架，与……作斗争23.financen.资金；财政；财务；金融vt.为……筹集资金24.fitadj.健康的；适合的；恰当的v.(使)适合，合身；装进，可容纳25.fixvt.使固定；修理；安装；确定，决定；安排26.flashn.闪光；闪耀；(想法的)突现v.使闪光；使闪现27.flexibleadj.易弯曲的，柔韧的；灵活的，可变动的28.fluentadj.流利的，流畅的29.foggyadj.多雾的30.followvt.跟随；接着，沿着，顺着；听懂，理解；遵循；仿效；跟得上【高考链接】1.（2017·浙江卷）Italiansalways“seemeasaforeigner,”anoutsider,eventhoughshe’sstayedinthecountryforyearsandcanspeakthelocallanguagefluently,shesaid.2.（2017·天津卷）Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull. 3.（2017·新课卷II）The plants get ready to fight back.4.(2017·浙江卷）ItalyisthelatestWesternEuropeancountrytryingtocontrolagrowingimmigrant(移民)populationbydemandinglanguageskillsinexchangeforworkpermits,orinsomecases,citizenship.5.(2017·江苏卷)Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.6.(2016·江苏高考)Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperatefacetoface，andit’scleartomethattheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.x-k+/w7.(2016·浙江高考)Thisbookexploresthemusicalinterestandneedsofchildrenintheirdailylives.8.(2016·江苏高考)Sheintendstofighttomakeitawoman’saswellasaman’sworld.9.(2015·四川高考)AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColgin’schickenhouseinexchangeformanure(肥料).10.(2015·北京高考)Furthermore,studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren.第6组1.forecastn.&vt.预告2.funn.乐趣；乐事；玩笑3.furnituren.(总称)家具4.glancevi.匆匆一看；一瞥；扫视5.glarev.怒目而视n.瞪眼；刺眼的强光6.globen.地球仪；地球；球体7.gloryn.光荣；荣誉；赞颂8.graduatev.毕业n.毕业生，研究生9.graspv.抓住；紧握；理解，领会10.grocern.零售商人；杂货店11.guaranteen.保证；保证书；担保v.保证；担保 12.guidancen.引导，指导13.handlen.柄，把柄v.处理；应付；拿，触14.hardshipn.困难15.headlinen.(报刊的)大字标题16.hobbyn.业余爱好，嗜好17.holyadj.神圣的18.identityn.同一性；一致；身份19.idiomn.习语，成语20.ignorev.忽视，不理21.illegaladj.不合法的，非法的22.immigrationn.移民23.incidentn.事件；冲突24.incomen.收入；收益；所得25.independentadj.独立的，自主的；有主见的26.indicatev.表明，显示；象征；暗示；指示；指出27.informationn.信息28.insertvt.插入n.(书报或杂志的)插页29.inspectvt.检查；视察；检阅30.instantadj.立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的【高考链接】1.（2017·新课标卷I）BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.2.（2017·新课标卷II）Inthecomingmonths,wearebringingtogetherartistsformallovertheglobe,toenjoyspeakingshakespeare’splaysintheirownlanguage,inourglobe,withinthearchitectureshakespearewrotefor.pleasecomeandjoinus.3.(2017·天津卷）Keepthetonemeasured:don’thandleittoolightly,aspeoplecanbeoffered,especiallyifyourerrorsuggestsamisunderstandingoftheirculture(I.e.incorrectorderingof Chinesenames).4.(2016·天津高考)Mydaughterisauniversitygraduateworkingtowardhermaster’sdegreeinEnglish.5.(2016·天津高考)OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage，withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking，listening，readingandwriting.6.(2016·北京高考)Forpreviousgenerations，collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol；guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.7.(2016·天津高考)Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply：alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.8.(2016·北京高考)Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.9.(2016·四川高考)Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleepbecauseofthecalciumcontent，whichhelpspeopletorelax.10.(2013·山东高考)ButdesignerMikhailBelyaevdoesn’tthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultinyougettingwet.第7组1.instituten.(研究)所，院，学院2.insurevt.确保；给……保险3.intelligencen.智力；情报4.interruptv.打扰，打断5.journalistn.记者，新闻工作者6.justicen.正义；公正；司法7.magicadj.有魔力的n.魔法；魔力；魅力8.matureadj.成熟的，成年人的；深思熟虑的，慎重的9.measurev.测量，衡量，量度为n.量度尺寸；措施10.merchantadj.商业的；商人的 n.商人；生意人11.ministern.部长；牧师12.mineraln.矿物质，矿物13.motivationn.动机；动力；积极性14.nutritionn.营养15.occupationn.职业，工作；消遣；占用16.particularadj.特殊的，个别的17.pedestriann.步行者，行人18.permanentadj.永久的，永恒的19.plainadj.清楚的，明显的；普通的；朴素的；坦诚的n.平原，旷野20.policyn.政策，方针21.preciousadj.宝贵的，珍贵的22.previousadj.先前的，以往的23.primaryadj.首要的；初级的24.processn.过程，程序；步骤；方法；工艺流程，工序v.处理，加工学+*科-*网25.professionn.职业，专业26.profitn.利润，收益，益处27.pronunciationn.发音28.punctualadj.准时的29.purchasev.&n.买，购买，采购30.randomadj.随意的，任意的，未经事先考虑的【高考链接】1.（2017·北京卷）Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.2.（2017·新课标卷II）ThisproductionofShakespeare’sTheMerchantofVenicemarkstheirfirstvisittotheUK.3.(2016·江苏高考)Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(认知的)skills，atleastwhencomparedwithchimps. 4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.5.(2016·浙江高考)Eachtimethebowlofriceispushedoverthetableedge，itfallstotheground—and，intheprocess，itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract(相互作用).6.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible.7.(2014·辽宁高考)TravisisthemanagerofG&Gwhereheisresponsibleforfortyemployees(雇员)andprofits(利润)ofover2millionperyear.8.(2013·北京高考)Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still，evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.第8组1.rangen.范围；一系列；射程；山脉v.变化；变动；排列，排序；徘徊；漫步2.reactv.起反应，有影响；反抗3.receptionn.接待，招待会4.reformv.&n.改革，改进5.refreshv.更新；使恢复精力；提醒；使想起6.registern.登记簿v.登记7.relatevi.有关；涉及8.representvt.代表9.reputationn.名声，名誉10.resistv.抵抗；抵挡11.standardn.&adj.标准(的)12.strikev.敲，打，撞，击；打动，感动；擦火柴；侵袭n.罢工13.studion.工作室，演播室14.survivev.幸存，存活，幸免于，比……活得长15.targetn.目标，对象，靶子v.把……作为攻击目标，把……对准 16.traditionn.传统，风俗，惯例17.trickn.诡计，骗局，恶作剧；戏法；诀窍vt.欺骗，欺诈18.typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的19.understandingn.领会；理解；谅解20.urgev.敦促，催促，力劝；强烈主张；鼓励；促使n.强烈欲望；冲动21.vacantadj.空缺的，未被占用的；空闲的，茫然的22.vainadj.自负的，自视过高的，徒劳的，无效的23.valuen.价值；重要性vt.评价；重视；估价24.violencen.暴力；猛烈，剧烈25.visualadj.视觉的26.vitaladj.必不可少的，极其重要的；维持生命活动所必需的；充满活力的27.weighvt.称……的重量；权衡28.welfaren.福利29.withdrawv.撤回，撤离；收回；缩回；使退出；提取30.witnessv.&n.目击者，证人；目击，目睹，亲身经历【高考链接】1.（2017·新课标卷I）Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.2.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends，youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.3.(2016·江苏高考)Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp，informandsharearenottaught，butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.4.(2016·江苏高考)Thebarefootkidwhojustafewyearspreviouslyhadbeenlivinginpoverty，surroundedbycriminalsandviolence，hadwrittenanewchapterinthehistoryofsports.5.(2015·浙江高考)Thecircleisdividedintosections，andeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedata.6.(2015·浙江高考)Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars，leaving behindavacanthaze(霾)thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.