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1、FEDERALRULESOFCIVILPROCEDUREI.SCOPEOFRULESONEFORMOFACTIONRule1ScopeandPurposeofRulesTheserulesgoverntheprocedureintheUnitedStatesdistrictcourtsinallsuitsofacivilnaturewhethercognizableascasesatlaworinequityorinadmiralty,withtheexceptionsstatedinRule81.Theyshallbeconstruedandadministeredtosecurethej
2、ust,speedy,andinexpensivedeterminationofeveryaction.Rule2OneFormofActionThereshallbeoneformofactiontobeknownascivilaction.II.COMMENCEMENTOFACTION;SERVICEOFPROCESS,PLEADINGS,MOTIONS,ANDORDERSRule3CommencementofActionAcivilactioniscommencedbyfilingacomplaintwiththecourt.Rule4Summons(a)Form.Thesummons
3、shallbesignedbytheclerk,bearthesealofthecourt,identifythecourtandtheparties,bedirectedtothedefendant,andstatethenameandaddressoftheplaintiff'sattorneyor,ifunrepresented,oftheplaintiff.Itshallalsostatethetimewithinwhichthedefendantmustappearanddefend,andnotifythedefendantthatfailuretodosowillresulti
4、najudgmentbydefaultagainstthedefendantforthereliefdemandedinthecomplaint.Thecourtmayallowasummonstobeamended.(b)Issuance.Uponorafterfilingthecomplaint,theplaintiffmaypresentasummonstotheclerkforsignatureandseal.Ifthesummonsisinproperform,theclerkshallsign,seal,andissueittotheplaintiffforserviceonth
5、edefendant.Asummons,oracopyofthesummonsifaddressedtomultipledefendants,shallbeissuedforeachdefendanttobeserved.(c)ServicewithComplaint;byWhomMade.(1)Asummonsshallbeservedtogetherwithacopyofthecomplaint.Theplaintiffisresponsibleforserviceofasummonsandcomplaintwithinthetimeallowedundersubdivision(m)a
6、ndshallfurnishthepersoneffectingservicewiththenecessarycopiesofthesummonsandcomplaint.(2)Servicemaybeeffectedbyanypersonwhoisnotapartyandwhoisatleast18yearsofage.Attherequestoftheplaintiff,however,thecourtmaydirectthatservicebeeffectedbyaUnitedStatesmarshal,deputyUnitedStatesmarshal,orotherpersonor
7、officerspeciallyappointedbythecourtforthepurpose.Suchanappointmentmustbemadewhentheplaintiffisauthorizedtoproceedinformapauperispursuantto28U.S.C.§1915orisauthorizedtoproceedasaseamanunder28U.S.C.§1916(d)Wa
