抗生素与细胞膜（英文ppt）antibiotics and cell envelope课件

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1、1Dr.AlvinFoxAntibiotics:cellenvelope,Lecture362KeyWordsSterilization/disinfection/antisepsisBetalactamAntibioticPenicillinsSelectivetoxicityCephalosporins/cephamycinsBactericidalMonobactamBacteriostaticClavulinicacidMinimalinhibitoryconcentration(MIC)Penicilli

2、nase/betalactamaseSusceptibilitytestingPolymyxinBPenicillinbindingproteinsDaptomycinAutolysinsIsoniazidCycloserineEthioniamideBacitracinEthambutolVancomycinResistance3STERILIZATIONAllkillednon-selective4Sterilizationautoclaving121oC(heat/pressure)Heatresistantm

3、aterialsethyleneoxidenonheatresistantUsuallyequipmentbeingreplacede.g.H2O2/freeradicalsultra-violetlightsurfaces(e.g.operatingrooms)nottotallyeffectivegammaradiationmainlyfoodindustry5Membranefiltersporesbacteria6DisinfectionLiquidsthatkillbacteriae.g.phenolbas

4、edtootoxicforskinsurfaces7AntisepticsTopical(e.g.skin)e.g.iodineor70%alcohol“reduce”bacterialload8ANTIBIOTICSSelectivelytoxicforbacteriabactericidal(killing)bacteriostatic(growthinhibition)minimizeharmtopatient9Antibioticsdestroystructurespresentinbacterianotpr

5、esentinhost10Antibioticsworktogetherwiththeimmunesystem11Minimalinhibitoryconcentrationlowestlevelstoppinggrowthe.g.zoneofinhibitionaroundadiskimpregnatedwithantibiotic12AntibioticsthatinhibitcellwallbiosynthesisarebactericidalWithoutcellwall,osmoticpressurecau

6、sesbacteriatoburst13Cross-linkingofpeptidoglycanOldNew14PeptidoglycansynthesisCytoplasmCellwallundecaprenolsugaraminoacidCellMembrane15CycloserineXCytoplasmsugaraminoacidXXXalanine(ala)analog-inhibitsconversionL-alatoD-ala-inhibitsformationofD-ala-D-ala16Bacitr

7、acinInhibitsdephosphorylation17TRANSPORTOFPEPTIGOGLYCANSUBUNITACROSSMEMBRANECellmembraneundecaprenolPPCellwall18TRANSPORTOFPEPTIGOGLYCANSUBUNITACROSSMEMBRANECellmembraneundecaprenolPPCellwall19TRANSPORTOFPEPTIGOGLYCANSUBUNITACROSSMEMBRANECellmembraneundecapreno

8、lPPCellwall20TRANSPORTOFPEPTIGOGLYCANSUBUNITACROSSMEMBRANECellmembraneundecaprenolPPCellwall21TRANSPORTOFPEPTIGOGLYCANSUBUNITACROSSMEMBRANECellmembraneundecaprenolPPCellwall