2014职称英语理工类新增文章

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·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第八篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第八篇　　第八篇 WhatIsaDream?　　Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Some　　psychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutaperson'smindandemotions.　　Beforemodemtimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.　　TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreams　　scientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreams　　areanexpressionsofaperson'swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthe　　feelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.　　TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud's.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.　　Modem-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,　　psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreams 　　aretightlylinkedtoaperson'sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.Acriminal,forexample,might　　dreamaboutcrime.　　Dornhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.　　Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsand　　gender.Hisstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.Forexample,thepeopleinmen'sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.Thisisnottrueofwomen'sdreams.3Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodemandtraditionalones.　　Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.However,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn'tpanic.Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It'simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.　　注释：　　1.SigmundFreud西格蒙德.费洛伊德(1856-1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。精神分析学派的创始人。他认为被压抑的欲望绝大部分是属于性的，性的扰乱是精神病的根本原因。著有《性学三论》《梦的释义》《图腾与禁忌》《日常生活的心理病理学》《精神分析引论》《精神分析引论新编》等　　2.CarlJung:卡尔.荣格，瑞士著名精神分析专家，分析心理学的创始人　　3.Forexample.thepeopleinmen’sdreamsareoftenothermen，andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.Thisisnottrueofwomen’sdreams.例如，男人做梦会梦到男人，并且常与打斗有关;女人做梦与男人则不同。　　练习：　　1.Noteveryoneagreesthatdreamsaremeaningful. 　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　2.AccordingtoFreud,peopledreamaboutthingsthattheycannottalkabout.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　3.Jungbelievedthatdreamsdidnothelponetounderstandoneself.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　4.Inthepast,peoplebelievedthatdreamsinvolvedemotions.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　5.AccordingtoDornhoff,babiesdonothavethesameabilitytodreamasadultsdo.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　6.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings. 　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　7.Scientistsagreethatdreamspredictthefuture.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第八篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第八篇　　1.A这句话恰好表达了本文第一段的意思。即有些心理学家认为，人脑睡眠中的活动没有特别　　意义;而有些人则认为，梦可以揭示人的思维和情感。.　　2.A第三段的最后一句讲的是弗洛伊德认为梦反映了人们在现实情况下害怕表达的情感、想法或恐惧。此句与本叙述一致。　　3.B第四段的第二句和第三句：Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.(荣格认为梦的用途是向做梦者传递一个信息)Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.(他认为人们通过思考所做的梦能够更好地了解自己)。他给出了两个例子来说明他的论点。　　4.C文中没有提及。　　5.A依据第六段，Domhoff研究得出：婴儿不像成人做那么多的梦，做梦是一种需要时间提高的技能。这就说明了婴儿不具备成人做梦的能力。　　6.A本文第七段讲述了做梦与性别的关系。第二句更指出男人和女人做的梦是不同的。 　　7.B最后一段的倒数第二句讲的是：梦可能会有意义，但并不表示一些恐怖事情就一定会发生。因而不能预测未来。·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十篇　　第十篇：TheBiologyofMusic　　Humansusemusicasapowerfulwaytocommunicate.Itmayalsoplayanimportantrolein　　love.Butwhatismusic,andhowdoesitworkitsmagic?Sciencedoesnotyethaveallthe　　answers.　　Whataretwothingsthatmakehumansdifferentfromanimals?Oneislanguage,andtheotherismusic.Itistruethatsomeanimalscansing(andmanybirdssing.betterthanalotofpeople).However,thesongsofanimals,suchasbirdsandwhales,areverylimited.Itisalsotruethathumans,notanimals,havedevelopedmusicalinstruments.　　Musicisstrangestuff.Itisclearlydifferentfromlanguage.However,peoplecanusemusictocommunicatethings--especiallytheiremotions.Whenmusiciscombinedwithspeechinasong,itisaverypowerfulformofcommunication.But,biologicallyspeaking,whatismusic?　　Ifmusicistrulydifferentfromspeech,thenweshouldprocessmusicandlanguageindifferentpartsofthebrain.Thescientificevidencesuggeststhatthisistrue.　　Sometimespeoplewhosufferbraindamagelosetheirabilitytoprocesslanguage.However,theydon'tautomaticallylosetheirmusicalabilities.Forexample,VissarionShebalin,aRussian　　composer,hadastrokein1953.Itinjuredtheleftsideofhisbrain.Hecouldnolongerspeakor　　understandspeech.Hecould,however,stillcomposemusicuntilhisdeathtenyearslater.Onthe 　　otherhand,sometimesstrokescausepeopletolosetheirmusicalability,buttheycanstillspeakandunderstandspeech.Thisshowsthatthebrainprocessesmusicandlanguageseparately.　　Bystudyingthephysicaleffectsofmusiconthebody,scientistshavealsolearnedalotabouthowmusicinfluencestheemotions.Butwhydoesmusichavesuchastrongeffectonus?Thatisaharderquestiontoanswer.GeoffreyMiller,aresearcheratUniversityCollege,London,thinksthatmusicandlovehaveastrongconnection.Musicrequiresspecialtale　　ent,practice,andphysicalability.That'swhyitmaybeawayofshowingyourfitnesstobesomeone's.mate.Forexample,singingintuneorplayingamusicalinstrumentrequiresfinemuscularcontrol.Youalsoneedagoodmemorytorememberthenotes.Andplayingorsingingthosenotescorrectlysuggeststhatyourhearingisinexcellentcondition.Finally,whenamansingstothewomanheloves(orviceversa),itmaybeawayofshowingoff.　　However,Miller'stheorystilldoesn'texplainwhycertaincombinationsofsoundsinfluenceouremotionssodeeply.Forscientists,thisisclearlyanareathatneedsfurtherresearch.　　注释：　　1.Itisalsotruethathumans，notanimals，havedevelopedmusicalinstruments：人研制出了乐器，而动物则不能。develop：研制，例如：Scientistsaredevelopingnewdrugstotreatcancer.科学家们正在研发新药用以治疗癌症。　　练习：　　1.Humans,butnotanimals,cansing.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　2.Peoplecanusemusictocommunicatetheiremotions.　　ARight　　BWrong 　　CNotmentioned.　　3.Weusethesamepartofthebrainformusicandlanguage.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　4.GeofferyMilerhasdoneresearchonmusicandemotions.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　5.It'shardforhumanstocomposemusic.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　6.Memoryisnotanimportantpartinsingingintune.　　ARight　　BWrong　　CNotmentioned　　7.Scientistsdoesnotknowalltheanswersabouttheeffectsofmusiconhumans.　　ARight　　BWrong 　　CNotmentioned·　答案与题解：　　1.B第二段的第三句：Itistruethatsomeanimalscansing(andmanybirdssingbetterthanalotofpeople).可以看出有些动物会唱歌，而不只人类会唱歌。　　2.A第三段的第三句：However，peoplecanusemusictocommunicatethings—especiallytheir　　emotions.这句清楚表明，人们可以用音乐来表达情感。　　3.B第四段说明：科学证明人们用大脑的不同区域处理语言和音乐。在第五段，作者用VissarionShebalin的例子进一步说明人脑处理语言和音乐的位置不同，Shebalin中风以后不能讲话也听不懂别人的话，但他却能创作乐曲。　　4.A第六段的第四句：GeoffreyMiller，aresearcheratUniversityCollege，London，thinksthat　　musicandlovehaveastrongconnection.这句说明Miller对音乐和爱(情感)的关系进行了研究，他得出的结论是：音乐和爱有密切的关联。　　5.C文中没有提及创作乐曲是否困难。　　6.B第六段有一句：Youalsoneedagoodmemorytorememberthenotes.此句说明必须具备好的记忆力记音符才能唱得符合调子。　　7.A最后一段讲的是：科学家们需要做更多的研究才能解释为什么有些声音影响我们的情感会如此之深。也就是说，科学家不能全部解释音乐对人类的影响。·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十一篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十一篇　　第十一篇BillGates:UnleashingYourCreativity 　　I’vealwaysbeenanoptimistandIsupposeitisrootedin1mybeliefthatthepowerofcreativityandintelligencecanmaketheworldabetterplace.　　ForaslongasIcanremember,I’velovedlearningnewthingsandsolvingproblems.SowhenIsatdownatacomputerforthefirsttimeinseventhgrade,Iwashooked.Itwasaclunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydoanythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.2Butitchangedmylife.　　WhenmyfriendPaulAllenandIstartedMicrosoft30yearsago，wehadavisionof“acomputeroneverydeskandineveryhome”,whichprobablysoundedalittletoooptimisticatatimewhenmostcomputerswerethesizeofrefrigerators.Butwebelievedthatpersonalcomputerswouldchangetheworld.Andtheyhave.　　Andafter30years,I’mstillasinspiredbycomputersasIwasbackinseventhgrade.　　Ibelievethatcomputersarethemostincredibletoolwecanusetofeedourcuriosityandinventiveness—tohelpussolveproblemsthateventhesmartestpeoplecouldn’tsolveontheirown.　　Computershavetransformedhowwelearn，givingkidseverywhereawindowintoalloftheworld’sknowledge.They’rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaroundthethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.3　　LikemyfriendWarrenBuffett,IfeelparticularlyluckytodosomethingeverydaythatIlovetodo.Hecallsit“tap-dancingtowork”4.MyjobatMicrosoftisaschallengingasever,butwhatmakesme“tap-dancingtowork”iswhenweshowpeoplesomethingnew,likeacomputerthatcanrecognizeyourhandwritingoryourspeech,oronethatcanstorealifetime’sworthofphotos,andtheysay,“Ididn’tknowyoucoulddothatwithaPC5!”　　ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC，therearelotsofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimproveourworld6.Therearestillfartoomanypeopleintheworldwhosemostbasicneedsgounmet7.Everyyear,forexample,millionsofpeoplediefromdiseasesthatareeasytopreventortreatinthedevelopedworld.　　Ibelievethatmyowngoodfortunebringswithitaresponsibilitytogivebacktotheworld.Mywife,Melinda,andIhavecommittedto8improvinghealthandeducationinawaythatcanhelpasmanypeopleaspossible. 　　Asafather,IbelievethatthedeathofachildinAfricaisnolesspoignantortragicthan9thedeathofachildanywhereelse,andthatitdoesn’ttakemuchtomakeanimmensedifferenceinthesechildren’slives10.　　I’mstillverymuchanoptimist,andIbelievethatprogressoneventheworld’stoughestproblemsispossible—andit’shappeningeveryday.We’reseeingnewdrugsfordeadlydiseases,newdiagnostictools，andnewattentionpaidtothehealthproblemsinthedevelopingworld.　　I’mexcitedbythepossibilitiesIseeformedicine,foreducationand,ofcourse,fortechnology.AndIbelievethatthroughournaturalinventiveness,creativityandwillingnesstosolvetoughproblems,we'regoingtomakesomeamazingachievementsinalltheseareasinmylifetime.　　词汇：　　unleash/ʌnˈli:ʃ/vt.解开;放纵;使自由　　inspire/ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/vt.鼓舞　　optimist/'Dptɪmɪst/n.乐观主义者　　incredible/ɪn'kredəbl/adj.难以置信的　　clunky(clonky)/'klʌnkɪ/adj.发出沉闷金属声的　　curiosity/ˌkjuərɪ'Dsɪtɪ/n.好奇心　　inventivenessn.发明创造的能力　　teletype/'telɪtaɪp/(teletype-writer)n.电传打字机　　poignant/ˈpɔɪnjənt/adj.令人悲痛的，可怜的　　tragic/'traed3ɪk/adj.悲剧的，悲惨的　　vision/'vɪ3n/n.想象;幻想;美景　　immense/I'mens/adj.巨大的 　　注释：　　1.berootedin：扎根于;深深地存在于　　2.Itwasaclunkyoldteletypemachineanditcouldbarelydoanythingcomparedtothecomputerswehavetoday.那是一台笨重的旧式电传打字机，跟我们今天的电脑相比几乎干不了什么事。本句中，barely意为almostnot;compareto在美国英语中也可以等同于comparewith(与……相比)。　　3.They’rehelpingusbuildcommunitiesaroundthethingswecareaboutandtostayclosetothepeoplewhoareimportanttous,nomatterwheretheyare.电脑帮助我们就我们所关心的事情建立一个交流的场所，并且与那些我们认为对我们有重要意义的人密切相处，不管他们身在何处。careabout指不管喜欢或不喜欢的事情都很关心、介意、在乎、计较。　　4.“tap-dancingtowork”：“跳着踢踏舞工作”。tap原意是“叩击、轻敲”;tapdance是“踢踏舞”。这里实际意思是“(手指)轻轻敲击键盘的工作”。　　5.PC(personalcomputer)：个人计算机　　6.ButforallthecoolthingsthatapersoncandowithaPC,therearelotsofotherwayswecanputourcreativityandintelligencetoworktoimproveourworld.除了我们能用计算机做的所有神奇的事情，还有很多其他方式发挥我们的创造力和智慧，从而使世界更加美好。　　7.gounmet：得不到满足。在这里go是系动词，unmet是过去分词作表语。　　8.committo此处意为承诺，保证做某事。　　9.noless...than：和一样，不亚于……　　10.andthatitdoesn’ttakemuchtomakeanimmensedifferenceinthesechildren’slives.而且要改善这些孩子们的命运，其实不难。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语tomakeanimmensedifferenceinthesechildren’slives。　　练习：　　1.AcomputerwasasbigasaniceboxwhenBillGateswasahighschoolstudent.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned 　　2.BillGateshasbeendreamingofthepopularityofcomputersforhislifetime.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　3.BillGatescompareshishardworkonaPCto“tap-dancingtowork”.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　4.ToBillGates’mind,thereisabigdifferencebetweenthedeathofthepoor’schildrenandthedeathoftherich’schildren.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　5.SofarBillGateshascontributedseveraldozenbilliondollarstothecharities.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　6.BillGatesandhiswifeconsiderittheirdutytohelpthepoorbettertheirhealthandeducationasmuchaspossible.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　7.BillGateswillleaveonlyasmallportionofhiswealthforhischildren.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十一篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十一篇　　答案与题解：　　1.A文章第三段中比尔•盖茨说，当他念七年级时，电脑就是冰箱那么大小。　　2.A文章第三段比尔•盖茨说，他30年前与PaulAllen一起创办微软公司时就梦想一桌一机、一户一机，而且从其他各段也可以看到他对电脑有很多的期待。　　3.B从第七段第二句可以看到作这样比较的是他的朋友WarrenBuffett，而不是他自己。 　　4.B在倒数第三段，比尔•盖茨已经明确说，所有这些儿童的死亡都一样令人伤心和悲痛，没有什么区别。　　5.C文章没有提到他给慈善机构捐款的事。　　6.A倒数第四段比尔•盖茨认为他一生好运，就理应回报社会，所以他和他的妻子做出了承诺，要帮助尽可能多的人改善医疗和教育条件。　　7.C文章没有提到。·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十四篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读判断第十四篇　　第十四篇StageFright1　　Falldownasyoucomeonstage.That’sanoddtrick.Notrecommended.ButitsavedthepianistVladimirFeltsmanwhenhewasateenagerbackinMoscow.TheveterancellistMstislavRostropovichtrippedhimpurposelytocurehimofpre-performancepanic,2Mr.Feltsmansaid,“Allmyfrightwasgone.Ialreadyfell.Whatelsecouldhappen?”　　Today,musicschoolsareaddressingtheproblemofanxietyinclassesthatdealwithperformancetechniquesandcareerpreparation.Thereareavarietyofstrategiesthatmusicianscanlearntofightstagefrightanditssymptoms:icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind.3　　Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout,4tomentaldiscipline,suchasvisualizingaperformanceandtakingstepstorelax.Don’tdenythatyou’rejittery，theyurge;someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.Andplayinpublicoften,simplyfortheexperience.　　PsychotherapistDianeNicholssuggestssomestrategiesforthemomentsbeforeperformance,“Taketwodeepabdominalbreaths,openupyourshoulders,thensmile,’’shesays.“Andnotoneofthese‘pleasedon’tkillme’smiles.Thenchoosethreefriendlyfacesintheaudience,peopleyouwouldcommunicatewithandmakemusicto,andmakeeyecontactwiththem.”Shedoesn’twantperformerstothinkoftheaudienceasajudge. 　　Extremedemandsbymentorsorparentsareoftenattherootofstagefright，saysDorothyDelay,awell-knownviolinteacher.Shetellsotherteacherstodemandonlywhattheirstudentsareabletoachieve.　　WhenLynnHarrellwas20，hebecametheprincipalcellistoftheCleverlandOrchestra,andhesufferedextremestagefright.“ThereweretimeswhenIgotsonervousIwassuretheaudiencecouldseemychestrespondingtothethrobbing.Itwasjusttotalpanic.IcametoapointwhereIthought,‘IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”5Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible，andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.6　　Itisnotonlyyoungartistswhosuffer,ofcourse.ThelegendarypianistVladimirHorowitz’snerveswerefamous.ThegreattenorFrancoCorelliisanotherexample.“Theyhadtopushhimonstage,”SopranoRenataScottorecalled.　　Actually，successcanmakethingsworse.“Inthebeginningofyourcareer,whenyou’rescaredtodeath,nobodyknowswhoyouare,andtheydon’thaveanyexpectations,”SopranoJuneAndersonsaid.“There’slesstolose.Lateron,whenyou’reknown,peoplearecomingtoseeyou,andtheyhavecertainexpectations.Youhavealottolose.”　　Andersonadded，“IneverstopbeingnervousuntilI’vesungmylastnote.”　　词汇：　　veteran/ˈvetərən/adj.经验丰富的　　jittery/ˈdʒɪtəri/adj.紧张不安的　　mentor/ˈmenˌtɔ:/n.指导者　　soprano/səˈprprɑ:nəʊ/n.女高音;女高音歌手　　cellist/ˈtʃelɪst/n.大提琴演奏家　　abdominal/æbˈdɑmənəl/adj.腹部的　　fallible/ˈfæləbəl/adj.易犯错误的 　　tenor/'tenə/n.男高音　　注释：　　1.StageFright：舞台恐惧　　2.TheveterancellistMstislavRostropovichtrippedhimpurposelytocurehimofpre-performancepanic…资深大提琴家MstislavRostropovich故意把VladimirFeltsman绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症。curesomebodyofsomething(illness,problem)：医治好病(解决问题)　　3.…itssymptoms：icyfingers,shakylimbs,racingheart,blankmind：舞台恐惧的症状有手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。　　4.Teachersandpsychologistsofferwide-rangingadvice,frombasicslikelearningpiecesinsideout：老师和心理学家提出了方方面面的建议，一些基础知识，比如将演奏曲目烂熟于心……insideout：ingreatdetail详细地，从里到外地　　5.IcametoapointwhereIthought，“IfIhavetogothroughthistoplaymusic,IthinkI’mgoingtolookforanotherjob.”我曾经一度认为，如果搞音乐就必须经过克服舞台恐惧这一关的话，这项工作不能做。　　6.Recovery,hesaid,involveddevelopinghumility-recognizingthatwhateverhistalent,hewasfallible,andthatanimperfectconcertwasnotadisaster.不舞台恐惧意味着提高谦卑感，即认识到不管你多有才，你也会出错，一个有瑕疵的音乐会也绝对不是世界末日。　　练习：　　1.FallingdownonstagewasnotagoodwayforVladimirFeltsmantodealwithhisstagefright.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　2.Therearemanysignsofstagefright.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　3.Teachersandpsychologistscannothelppeoplewithextreme-stagefright. 　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　4.Toperformwellonstage,youneedtohavesomefeelingsofexcitement.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　5.Ifyouhavestagefright,it'shelpfultohavefriendlyaudience.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　6.Oftenpeoplehavestagefrightbecauseparentsorteachersexpecttoomuchofthem.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned　　7.Famousmusiciansneversufferfromstagefright.　　A　RightB　WrongC　Notmentioned·　答案与题解：　　1.B　本文第一段讲的是钢琴家VladimirFeltsman被MstislavRostropovich绊倒后，他的舞台恐惧被治愈了的故事。　　2.A　第二段的最后一句点出舞台恐惧的诸多症状为手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。　　3.B　本文的第三、四、五、六段都在讲老师和心理学家为舞台恐惧者提供全方位的建议。　　4.A　依据第三段的倒数第二句：someexcitementisnatural,evennecessaryfordynamicplaying.(表演中激情是自然甚至是必要的)　　5.C　第四段提到克服舞台恐惧的方法之一是：在观众中选择三位友好的面孔，与他们用眼光交流。所以克服舞台恐惧要靠自己而不是指望所有的观众都友好。　　6.A　第五段讲了舞台恐惧的根源在于指导者或父母对表演者要求太高。extremedemands就是expecttoomuchofthem的意思。 　　7.B　第七段讲的是：不只年轻艺术家有舞台恐惧症，钢琴家VladimirHorowitz和男高音FrancoCorelli亦不能幸免。Never一词不恰当。·2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读理解第二十九篇o来源：环球网校（edu24oL）o【大中小】o频道：职称英语    文章摘要：2014职称英语理工类新增文章：阅读理解第二十九篇　　第二十九篇I’llBeBach　　ComposerDavidCopeistheinventorofacomputerprogramthatwritesoriginalworksofclassicalmusic.IttookCope30yearstodevelopthesoftware.Nowmostpeoplecan’ttellthedifferencebetweenmusicbythefamousGermancomposerJ.S.Bach(1685-1750)andtheBach-likecompositionsfromCope’scomputer.　　Itallstartedin1980intheUnitedStates,whenCopewastryingtowriteanopera.Hewashavingtroublethinkingofnewmelodies,sohewroteacomputerprogramtocreatethemelodies.Atfirstthismusicwasnoteasytolistento.WhatdidCopedo?Hebegantorethinkhowhumanbeingscomposemusic.Herealizedthatcomposers，brainsworklikebigdatabases.First,theytakeinallthemusicthattheyhaveeverheard.Thentheytakeoutthemusicthattheydislike.Finally,theymakenewmusicfromwhatisleft.AccordingtoCope,onlythegreatcomposersareabletocreatethedatabaseaccurately,rememberit,andformnewmusicalpatternsfromit.　　Copebuiltahugedatabaseofexistingmusic.HebeganwithhundredsofworksbyBach.Thesoftwareanalyzedthedata：itbrokeitdownintosmallerpiecesandlookedforpatterns.Itthencombinedthepiecesintonewpatterns.Beforelong,theprogramcouldcomposeshortBach-likeworks.Theyweren’tgood,butitwasastart.　　Copeknewhehadmoreworktodo-hehadawholeoperatowrite.Hecontinuedtoimprovethesoftware.Soonitcouldanalyzemorecomplexmusic.Healsoaddedmanyothercomposers,includinghisownwork,tothedatabase.　　Afewyearslater，Cope’scomputerprogram,called“Emmy”，wasreadytohelphimwithhisopera.TheprocessrequiredalotofcollaborationbetweenthecomposerandEmmy.Copelistenedtothecomputer’smusicalideasandusedtheonesthatheliked.WithEmmy,theoperatookonlytwoweekstofinish.ItwascalledCradleFalling,anditwasagreatsuccess!Copereceivedsomeofthebestreviewsofhiscareer,butnooneknewexactlyhowhehadcomposedthework. 　　Sincethatfirstopera,Emmyhaswrittenthousandsofcompositions.CopestillgivesEmmyfeedbackonwhathelikesanddoesn’tlikeofhermusic,butsheisdoingmostofthehardworkofcomposingthesedays!　　词汇：　　original/əˈrɪdʒənəl/adj.有独创性的　　collaboration/kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/n.合作　　review/rɪ'vju:/n.评论　　feedback/'fi:dbæk/n.反馈　　注释　　J.S.Bach约翰•塞巴斯蒂安•巴赫(德语：JohannSebastianBach，1685年3月31日一1750年7月28日)，巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。巴赫被普遍认为是音乐史上最重要的作曲家之一，并被尊称为“西方‘现代音乐’之父”，也是西方文化史上最重要的人物之一。　　练习：　　1.ThemusiccomposedbyDavidcopeisabout______.　　A　Classicalmusic　　B　popmusic　　C　drama　　D　countrymusic　　2.Bydevelopingacomputersoftware，Davidcopeaimed______.　　A　tobelikeBach　　B　tostudyBach 　　C　towriteanopera　　D　tocreateamusicaldatabase　　3.Whatdidcoperealizeaboutagreatcomposer’sbrain?　　A　Itformsnewmusicalpatternsallbyitself　　B　Itwritesacomputerprogram　　C　Itcanrecognizeanymusicpatterns　　D　Itcreatesanaccuratedatabase　　4.WhoisEmmy?　　A　adatabase　　B　acomputersoftware　　C　acomposerwhohelpedDavid　　D　anopera　　5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.　　A　DavidCopeisacomputerprogrammer.　　B　DavidCopelovesmusic.　　C　Bach’smusichelpedhimalot.　　D　Emmydidmuchmoreworkthanacomposer.·　答案与题解：　　1.A　第一段的第一句：DavidCope发明了一个可以编写出古典音乐的电脑软件。　　2.C　从第二段的第一句可以看出，David编写电脑软件的目的是写歌剧。A、B和D都属于创作歌剧的一部分。 　　3.D　第二段的后半部分讲的是伟大的歌剧作者与一般的歌剧作者的不同之处是通过对数据进行准确的构建、记忆而后创作出新的音乐形式。　　4.B　从第五段第一句可知Emmy是一计算机软件。　　5.D　从本文第一句可知David是一个作曲家，不是计算机程序员，所以排除A;B、C内容没有提及;从本文的第五段和第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的创作速度，最后一句，大部分困难的工作都由Emmy来做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。