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1、请求权基础论文：合同无效后返还财产责任的探讨【中文摘要】被宣告无效或被撤销的合同不发生法律效力,但并不是不发生任何法律后果,只是不发生当事人订立合同时所期望发生的结果,即使得当事人在合同中规定的产生、变更或终止民事权利义务的意图不能得以实现。根据我国《合同法》的相关规定,合同无效后的法律后果,因合同无效时财产的存在状态不同而有所不同：无效合同未被履行,双方也未受有损失的,双方均不承担民事责任；合同无效时已被履行,双方当事人应将因无效合同所取得的财产返还给对方,不能返还或者没有必要返还的,应当折价补偿；对因合同无效而造成的损失,有过错的一方应当向对方进行赔偿,双方都有
2、过错的,各自承担相应责任。本文仅对合同无效后的返还财产法律后果进行分析,对这一法律后果中的若干问题进行了探讨,以求更深层次的理解和厘清司法实践中所遇到的问题并寻求妥当的答案。文章除引言和结语外,正文分为四个部分。第一部分,就合同无效后返还财产请求权的性质问题进行分析。就返【英文摘要】Thephenomenon,intheprivatelawpractice,occursfrequentlythatcontractsarenullandvoid.Legalconsequencessimilartothatofavoidanceofthecontracthappenwh
3、enchangeableorrevocablecontractarecanceledaswellastheterminationofthecontract.TheArticle58ofContractlaw,China,prescribesthatprosperitiesshouldbereturnedfromthecontractafteritisinvalidofwithdraw,orgivenacorrespondingcompensationwhiletheprosperitycannotbereturnedorthereturnisunnecessary.
4、Thepartyatfaultshallcompensatetheotheroneforlossessufferedifbothsidesareatfault,beartheirrespectiveresponsibilities.Therefore,consequencesfollowaftercontractsturnouttobeinvalidthatthereturnofproperty,adiscountofcompensationandthepayofdamages.However,thelegislationfailstosetthebasisofli
5、abilitytoreturntheproperty,namelywecannotgetadefinitecriterionthattheclaimforrestitutionofpropertyfollowedbyinvalidcontractderivesfromtherightofclaiming(argumentAreferstoitnext),orcreditorclaims(Binstead).Weshouldfocusontheseproblemsencounteredinthejudicialpracticeandmakethemthrough.In
6、thispaper,Iwilldomyutmosttomakemeunderstoodandtacklesuchtrickyproblems.Thetextisdividedintofourpartsapartfromtheintroductionandconclusion.Firstly,Iwillanalyzetheproblemrelativetothebasisoftherightofclaim.Discussionaboutthenatureofthereturnofpropertyhasalwaysexisted,furthermoreandsuchtw
7、odifferentargumentsasAorunjustenrichmentclaimgraduallycooperatetoallowtheexistenceoftwocompetingrights.Iadvisetolegalizetherightofclaiminganddeterminethenatureofreturnofthepropertyaccordingtothespecificfactsofthecaseinjudicialpracticeastofulfillthelegislation’sintention.Secondly,wewi
