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1、328例女中学生月经疾病发病状况及影响因素调查浙江省温岭市中医院妇产科袁秋玮，317500【摘要】目的：探讨女中学生月经疾病发病状况及其影响因素，为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法：对2009年1至12月妇科病门诊就医的328例女中学生进行问卷调查，用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果：受调查女中学生平均年龄为（14.53±1.34）岁，平均初潮年龄为（11.56±2.17）岁。在女中学生门诊患者中，因月经相关疾病就诊比例高达95.73%（314/328），其中，月经失调占第一位，发病率68.79％（216/314）；痛经占第二位，发病率为23.25％（73/314），其中轻、中、
2、重度痛经分别占58.9%、34.6%和6.5%；闭经占第三位，发病率为7.96％（25/314）。月经相关疾病与精神过度紧张、疲劳、恐惧、寒冷刺激、不良用药等因素有关（χ2=10.324、4.361、5.648、6.578、2.103，P均＜0.05）。结论：女中学生妇科门诊就诊最主要原因是月经问题，其中比例最高依次是月经失调、痛经和闭经，应加强女中学生青春期相关知识和心理健康教育，提高其处理月经期生理变化和心理压力的能力。【关键词】女中学生；月经失调；痛经；闭经AsurveyofMenstrualDiseasesin328femalehighschoolstudents【A
3、bstract】Objective:Toexploretheincidenceoffemalehighschoolstudentsmenopathystatusanditsinfluencingfactors,inordertoprovidethebasisforthedevelopmentofrelevantinterventions.Methods:ForJanuarytoDecember2009fortreatmentofgynecologicaldiseasesout328casesoffemalehighschoolstudentsconductedaquestio
4、nnairesurvey,usingSPSSsoftwareforstatisticalanalysis.Results:Thesurveytheaverageageoffemalesecondaryschoolstudents(14.53±1.34)yearswithanaverageageofmenarche(11.56±2.17)yearsofage.Inthemiddleschoolgirlsoutpatient,treatmentbecauseofmenstrual-relateddiseasesisashighas95.73%(314/328),whichacco
5、untedforthefirstonemenstrualdisorders,theincidencerateof68.79%(216/314);dysmenorrheainsecondplace,theincidencerateof23.25%(73/314),ofwhichmild,moderateorseveredysmenorrheaaccountedfor58.9%,34.6%and6.5%;amenorrheathirdplace,theincidenceratewas7.96%(25/314).Menstrual-relateddiseasesandpsychol
6、ogicalstress,fatigue,fear,coldstimulation,badmedicineandotherfactors(χ2=10.324,4.361,5.648,6.578,2.103,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Femalehighschoolstudents’gynecologyoutpatientclinicisthemainreasonformenstrualproblems,ofwhichthehighestpercentagefollowedbymenstrualdisorders,dysmenorrheaandamenorrhea,
7、shouldstrengthentheknowledgeofadolescentfemalesecondaryschoolstudentsandmentalhealtheducationtoimproveitshandlingofthemenstrualperiodphysiologicalchangesandpsychologicalstresscapacity.【Keywords】femalehighschoolstudents;menstrualdisorders;dysmenorrhea;ame
