simile and metaphor

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1、Simile(明喻)Definition:Asimileisafigureofspeechcomparingtwounlikethingshavingatleastonequalityorcharacteristicincommon,oftenintroducedwiththewords"like","as",as...so...or"than".Similesallowthetwoideastoremaindistinctinspiteoftheirsimilarities.Constitution:

2、明喻（simile）由本体（tenor），喻词（indicatorofresemblance），喻体(vehicle)构成。Indicatorofresemblance:as,like,as…as…than,etc.ExamplesThechequeflutteredtothefloorlikeabirdwithabrokenwing.（支票像只断了翅膀的小鸟似的飘落在地板上。）Praiseislikesunlighttothehumanspiritwecannotflowerandgrowwithou

3、tit.(对于人的精神来说，赞扬就像阳光一样：没有它我们便不能开花生长。)Underthebundletotteredtheoldwoman,herfaceaswhiteasalinensheet.(包袱底下，正是那位步履踉跄的老妇人，她的脸白得像块亚麻布。)As+adj.+as+n.(theformer“as”canbeomitted):(as)blindasabat目光如豆(as)coolascucumber泰然自若(as)coldasamarble冷若冰霜(as)busyasabee像蜜蜂一样忙(

4、as)firmasarock坚如磐石(as)lightasarock轻如鸿毛(as)muteasanoyster噤若寒蝉(as)strongasahorse健壮如牛Idioms:Likeaducktowater如鱼得水Likeahenonahotgriddle像热锅上的蚂蚁Likeacatinahole瓮中之鳖Differentstructures1.SubjunctiveStructures:Myhandwritinglooksasifaswarmants,escapingfromaninkbottl

5、e,hadwalkedoverasheetofpaperwithoutwipingtheirlegs.（我的笔记，看来就像一大群蚂蚁从墨水里逃出来，没有把脚抹干净就在纸上四散奔跑似的。）HewasabeautifulhorsethatlookedasthoughhehadcomeoutofapaintingbyVelasquez.(那匹马很漂亮，像是维拉斯凯兹油画上的马变活了。)Thedogswereinfullcry,theirnosesdown,theirtailsup,soclosetogethe

6、rthattheymighthavebeenonegreatyellowandwhitemovingcarpet.（那样狗吠叫着追猎，低着头，翘着尾巴，一条挨着一条，看上去就像一块黄白交织的活动的大地毯。2.“what”Structures:“AistoBwhatCistoD”&“WhatCistoD,AistoB”Whatsaltistofood,thatwitandhumouraretoconversationandliterature.(妙语与幽默之余会话与文学，恰似盐对于食物一样。)Judici

7、ouspraiseistochildrenwhatthesunistoflowers.（明智的表扬对于孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用。）Thepenistoawriterwhatthegunistoafighter.(作家的笔犹如战士的枪。)Intellectistothemindwhatsightistothebody.（智力对思想犹如视力对于身体一样重要。）3.”than”Structures:Afoolcannomoreseehisownfollythanhecanseehisears.愚人之

8、不知其愚，犹如其不能自视其耳。Wehavenomorerighttoconsumehappinesswithoutproducingitthantoconsumewealthwithoutproducingit.我们不创造幸福便无权享受幸福，正如不创造财富也就无权享用财富一样。Mancannothelpcravingforexpressionanymorethanbirdscanhelpsinging.人之不能不舒其胸襟，犹如鸟之不能不啭其