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《lecture 7 attributive clause》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、定语从句MaryistheonlystudentinmyclasswhospeaksChinesewell.引导定语从句代替先行词担当成分ExamplesThenumberofthepeoplewhocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.WhereisthemanwhomIsawthismorning?Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.ThisisthebookforwhichIp
2、aideightdollars.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.定语从句定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的名词,词组或代词叫作先行词(Antecedent)。位置：通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(RelativeWord)（关系代词,关系副词和关系限定词
3、）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,but,than关系副词有：when,where,why定语从句限定性定语从句(RestrictiveRelativeClause)非限定性定语从句(Non-restrictiveRelativeClause)限制性关系分句和它的先行项之间在语义上有着不可分割的联系，如果去掉，就会改变有关名词词组的所指意义或者使主句意义不完整。非限制性关系分句和主句的关系不是很密切，仅是对先行项作一些附加的说明，如果去掉，不影响先行项所指的意义，从而原句的意义仍然
4、清楚。ThisisthebuildingwhereLuXunoncelived.这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。和平饭店在南京路上，我第一次访问上海时住在那里。PeaceHotel,whereIstayedduringmyfirstvisittoShanghai,liesonNanjingRoad.Examples在限制性关系分句中关系代词的选择I.that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that和which在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词。Footballisagamewhich/tha
5、tislikedbymostboys.Ilikethebookthat/whichmyfatherboughtme.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。Thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?II.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢掉，而且，介词总是放在关系代
6、词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。ThisisthebookforwhichIpaideightdollars.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.III.代表物时可用which，但在下面几种情况中用that而不用which。（1）当先行词是something,anything,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little,some等代词时，或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰
7、时HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lihassaid?（2）当先行词被序数词修饰ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.用that而不用which的情况（3）当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.用that而不用which的情况（4）当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.用that而不用whic
8、h的情况(5)当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?用that而不用which的情况（6）当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?用that而不用which的
